Lyttleton Chris, Amarapibal Amorntip
Anthropology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Soc Sci Med. 2002 Feb;54(4):505-18. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00046-6.
It is recognised that people movement can increase potential risk of HIV transmission. In recent years, mobile populations moving across national borders have become a focus for HIV/AIDS prevention campaigns. These programs generally target border "hot zones" that produce high levels of HIV vulnerability due to the degree of mobility and the risk behaviours fostered by these marginal environments. However, high degrees of movement and social exploitation need not be the only criteria for borders to exacerbate HIV vulnerability. The types of social interactions promoted by mobility take many forms. In this paper we consider a border zone between Thailand and Laos to show that the links between movement and HIV vulnerability are not confined to stereotypical instances of coercion and exploitation. Rather we demonstrate that HIV risk in this area is a product of both a sense of community and a sense of difference that together foster a range of interactions based on mobility back and forth across the border. As HIV/AIDS prevention programs increasingly control forms of sexual interaction, the border provides a practical and symbolic opportunity to establish new forms of sexual relationship falling outside these constraints. This tendency to move outside bounds is not limited to border areas but has implications for prevention programs everywhere.
人们的流动会增加艾滋病毒传播的潜在风险，这是公认的事实。近年来，跨越国界的流动人口已成为艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防运动的重点对象。这些项目通常针对边境“热点地区”，由于人员流动程度以及这些边缘环境滋生的风险行为，这些地区的艾滋病毒易感性很高。然而，高度的流动和社会剥削并非边境加剧艾滋病毒易感性的唯一标准。流动所促进的社会互动形式多种多样。在本文中，我们以泰国和老挝之间的边境地区为例，表明流动与艾滋病毒易感性之间的联系并不局限于典型的胁迫和剥削情况。相反，我们证明该地区的艾滋病毒风险是社区意识和差异意识共同作用的结果，这两种意识共同促成了一系列基于跨境往返流动的互动。随着艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防项目越来越多地控制性行为互动形式，边境提供了一个实际且具有象征意义的机会，以建立不受这些限制的新型性关系。这种越界行为的趋势不仅限于边境地区，对各地的预防项目都有影响。
