University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, Division of Global Public Health, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0507, USA.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2012 Feb;14(1):48-64. doi: 10.1007/s10903-011-9505-2.
Mobility is a key determinant of HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) transmission dynamics in Asia and Africa. Scant data exist regarding its dynamic impacts on HIV/STI risk in Central America and Mexico. Our objective was to critically review the epidemiology and social and structural context of HIV/STI risk among mobile populations in Central America and Mexico. Eligible articles were published in English or Spanish between January 1, 2000 and August 31, 2010; conducted in Central America or Mexico; specified the mobile population included; and described primary research. 2045 records were screened, 275 articles reviewed, and 22 studies included. Mobility is associated with increased HIV risk behaviors, though it also may increase preventive behaviors. Among mobile groups in Central America and Mexico, social isolation, the socio-economic impacts of displacement, gender inequalities, and stigma/discrimination shape HIV risk. Epidemiologic research and multi-level interventions that target and engage vulnerable groups in transit stations are recommended.
流动性是亚洲和非洲艾滋病毒/性传播感染（STI）传播动态的关键决定因素。关于其对中美洲和墨西哥艾滋病毒/性传播感染风险的动态影响的数据很少。我们的目的是批判性地审查中美洲和墨西哥流动人口中艾滋病毒/性传播感染风险的流行病学和社会结构背景。符合条件的文章发表于 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2010 年 8 月 31 日期间，以英文或西班牙文出版；在中美洲或墨西哥进行；明确包含流动人群；并描述了主要研究。筛选了 2045 份记录，审查了 275 篇文章，纳入了 22 项研究。流动性与艾滋病毒风险行为的增加有关，尽管它也可能增加预防行为。在中美洲和墨西哥的流动群体中，社会孤立、流离失所的社会经济影响、性别不平等以及耻辱/歧视塑造了艾滋病毒风险。建议开展以过境点的脆弱群体为目标和参与的流行病学研究和多层次干预措施。
