Washington State University, Spokane, USA.
British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Sep;36(17-18):7917-7939. doi: 10.1177/0886260519846858. Epub 2019 May 7.
Mobility among sex workers has been linked not only to improved economic and social opportunities, but also to concerns regarding displacement, criminalization, and violence. In 2014, new "end-demand" legislation criminalized new aspects of sex work in Canada (e.g., third-party advertising, purchasing) while leaving the sale of sex legal. Utilizing data from a longitudinal community-based cohort of women sex workers in Metro Vancouver (An Evaluation of Sex Workers Health Access [AESHA], 2010-2016), we used kernel density mapping to understand and identify geographic patterns of workplace neighborhood mobility (i.e., changing the primary neighborhood in which one worked in the last 6 months); multivariable logistic regression using generalized estimating equations was also used to model contextual (policing, violence, and safety) and individual correlates of workplace mobility among sex workers over the 6-year period, including potential changes in mobility patterns pre- and post-end-demand criminalization. A total of 543 sex workers were included in analyses, contributing 2,199 observations. A total of 402 (74.0%) experienced workplace neighborhood mobility during the study period. Neighborhood mobility was negatively correlated with age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.98/year older, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.97, 0.99]) and positively correlated with homelessness (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI = [1.12, 1.82]), identifying as a gender/sexual minority (AOR = 1.31, 95% CI = [1.04, 1.70]), and servicing clients primarily outdoors (vs. informal indoor or in-call venues; AOR = 1.48, 95% CI = [1.21, 1.81]); police harassment (AOR = 1.19, 95% CI = [0.96, 1.48], = .11) and changing one's neighborhood of work due to safety concerns (AOR = 1.37, 95% CI = [0.94, 2.00], = .09) were both marginally correlated. Steps to promote safer working conditions for marginalized women in urban environments remain urgently needed, including shifts away from criminalized enforcement toward community-led initiatives and promoting access to safer indoor workspaces.
性工作者的流动性不仅与改善经济和社会机会有关，还与流离失所、刑事定罪和暴力有关。2014 年，加拿大出台了新的“需求末端”立法，将性工作的某些新方面刑事定罪（例如，第三方广告、购买），同时保留性交易的合法性。利用大温哥华社区性工作者纵向队列研究（妇女性工作者健康获取评估 [AESHA]，2010-2016 年）的数据，我们使用核密度图来了解和识别工作场所附近流动性的地理模式（即在过去 6 个月内改变主要工作场所）；还使用广义估计方程的多变量逻辑回归来对性工作者在 6 年期间的工作场所流动性的背景（执法、暴力和安全）和个体相关性进行建模，包括在“需求末端”刑事定罪前后流动性模式的潜在变化。共有 543 名性工作者参与了分析，共提供了 2199 次观察结果。在研究期间，共有 402 名（74.0%）经历了工作场所附近的流动性。工作场所的流动性与年龄呈负相关（调整后的优势比 [AOR] = 0.98/年，95%置信区间 [CI] = [0.97, 0.99]），与无家可归呈正相关（AOR = 1.43，95% CI = [1.12, 1.82]），识别为性别/性少数群体（AOR = 1.31，95% CI = [1.04, 1.70]），主要在户外为客户提供服务（与非正式的室内或电话预约场所相比；AOR = 1.48，95% CI = [1.21, 1.81]）；警察骚扰（AOR = 1.19，95% CI = [0.96, 1.48]， =.11）和因安全问题改变工作地点（AOR = 1.37，95% CI = [0.94, 2.00]， =.09）都有一定的相关性。在城市环境中为边缘化妇女提供更安全工作条件的措施仍然迫切需要，包括从刑事定罪执法转向社区主导的举措，并促进获得更安全的室内工作空间。
