Fujii Toshikatsu, Okuda Jiro, Tsukiura Takashi, Ohtake Hiroya, Miura Rina, Fukatsu Reiko, Suzuki Kyoko, Kawashima Ryuta, Itoh Masatoshi, Fukuda Hiroshi, Yamadori Atsushi
Division of Neuropsychology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Neuroimage. 2002 Mar;15(3):501-8. doi: 10.1006/nimg.2001.0995.
Human lesion data indicate that the basal forebrain or orbitofrontal cortex, or both, as well as medial temporal and diencephalic structures, is important for normal memory and that its disruption causes the pure amnesic syndrome, in which episodic memory is grossly impaired while other kinds of memory remain preserved. Among these critical areas, functional imaging studies have so far failed to detect activation of the basal forebrain, although activation in the nearby orbitofrontal cortex has been reported during episodic memory retrieval. We employed positron emission tomography to elucidate the neural basis of episodic memory recall utilizing two types of time cues and successfully detected activity in the basal forebrain for the first time. Specifically, recall of previously memorized words from temporal cues was associated with activity in the basal forebrain, right middle frontal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, and posterior cingulate gyrus, whereas their recall from person cues was associated with activity in the left insula, right middle frontal gyrus, and posterior cingulate gyrus. Furthermore, percentage increases of regional blood flow in the basal forebrain were correlated with behavioral data of successful recall. Our results provide clear evidence that the human basal forebrain has a specific role in episodic memory recall, especially that from time-contextual information.
人类损伤数据表明，基底前脑或眶额皮质，或两者，以及内侧颞叶和间脑结构，对正常记忆很重要，其破坏会导致单纯性遗忘综合征，即情景记忆严重受损而其他类型的记忆仍保持完好。在这些关键区域中，功能成像研究迄今未能检测到基底前脑的激活，尽管在情景记忆检索期间已报道附近的眶额皮质有激活。我们采用正电子发射断层扫描来阐明利用两种时间线索进行情景记忆回忆的神经基础，并首次成功检测到基底前脑的活动。具体而言，根据时间线索回忆先前记忆的单词与基底前脑、右侧额中回、右侧颞上回和后扣带回的活动有关，而根据人物线索回忆这些单词则与左侧岛叶、右侧额中回和后扣带回的活动有关。此外，基底前脑区域血流的百分比增加与成功回忆的行为数据相关。我们的结果提供了明确的证据，表明人类基底前脑在情景记忆回忆中具有特定作用，尤其是从时间背景信息中回忆时。
