Chen B K, Eichenfield L F
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA.
Dermatol Surg. 2001 Dec;27(12):1010-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1524-4725.2001.01854.x.
Dermatologic procedures in children may require the use of topical and local anesthetics, sedatives, and general anesthesia.
To review developments in topical and local anesthetics, sedatives, and general anesthesia relevant to dermatologic procedures in children.
Review of the medical literature.
Topical anesthetics, including EMLA and liposome-encapsulated lidocaine cream, amethocaine, cetacaine, and benzocaine products may be useful for decreasing the pain of cutaneous procedures including intra-lesional lidocaine infiltration. A variety of sedative and hypnotic agents may be utilized for pediatric dermatology procedures, and guidelines for their appropriate use have been published. General anesthesia for dermatologic procedures in the pediatric population is appropriate for a variety of procedures including laser treatment of capillary malformations.
A variety of anesthetic, analgesic, and sedatives may be useful for pediatric cutaneous surgery.
儿童皮肤科手术可能需要使用局部和区域麻醉剂、镇静剂以及全身麻醉。
回顾与儿童皮肤科手术相关的局部和区域麻醉剂、镇静剂以及全身麻醉的发展情况。
查阅医学文献。
局部麻醉剂，包括复方利多卡因乳膏和脂质体包裹的利多卡因乳膏、丁卡因、西他卡因和苯佐卡因产品，可能有助于减轻包括皮损内利多卡因浸润在内的皮肤手术的疼痛。多种镇静和催眠药物可用于儿科皮肤科手术，并且已经发布了其合理使用指南。儿科人群皮肤科手术的全身麻醉适用于多种手术，包括激光治疗毛细血管畸形。
多种麻醉剂、镇痛药和镇静剂可能对儿科皮肤外科手术有用。
