Turk M A, Scandale J, Rosenbaum P F, Weber R J
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse 13210, USA.
Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2001 Feb;12(1):153-68.
Over the past 10 years, there has been interest in describing the health and functional status of persons with CP. More recently, information specific to women with CP has become available. From these studies a better appreciation of the affect a lifelong primary disability such as CP has on an individual's life has developed. An understanding of aging with a disability, secondary conditions, associated conditions, comorbidities, and health have promoted a health and wellness agenda for women and men with CP. Women with CP are generally healthy. There appears to be no significant risk for any specific comorbiditv from CP. Women may note a modest change in function over time that may represent issues of aging, but there should be no dramatic loss of function. Any loss of function must be evaluated further for cause, and cannot be attributed to aging alone. Common secondary conditions and health issues include pain and musculoskeletal issues, bladder and bowel problems, poor dental hygiene, and possibly gastroesophageal reflux. Osteoporosis at all ages from limited mobility (secondary osteoporosis) likely is common, but only recently has bone densitometry been used for more routine evaluations; consequently, no data are available in women with CP regarding this. All health issues should be evaluated and appropriate intervention prescribed. There appear to be no significant reproductive health issues for women with CF. Women should engage in all decisions regarding diagnosis and treatment. Women with CP likely participate in some healthy behaviors. However implementing health promotion programs requires some understanding of health behavior theories and models. It may not be enough to modify existing programs for accessibility (e.g., transportation, cost. environment). Engagement in health promotion programs by women with CP must take into account individual perceptions and values, social networks, a sense of personal control, and a readiness to change attitude toward changing lifestyles.
在过去10年里，人们一直对描述脑瘫患者的健康和功能状况感兴趣。最近，有关成年女性脑瘫患者的具体信息已经可得。从这些研究中，人们对诸如脑瘫这样的终身原发性残疾对个人生活的影响有了更深刻的认识。对残疾、继发疾病、相关疾病、共病和健康状况下衰老的理解，推动了针对成年脑瘫患者的健康和福祉议程。成年女性脑瘫患者总体上是健康的。脑瘫似乎不会导致任何特定共病的显著风险。随着时间推移，女性可能会注意到功能有适度变化，这可能代表衰老问题，但功能不应有显著丧失。任何功能丧失都必须进一步评估原因，不能仅归因于衰老。常见的继发疾病和健康问题包括疼痛和肌肉骨骼问题、膀胱和肠道问题、口腔卫生差以及可能的胃食管反流。由于活动受限导致的各年龄段骨质疏松（继发性骨质疏松）可能很常见，但直到最近骨密度测定才被用于更常规的评估；因此，关于成年女性脑瘫患者的这方面尚无数据。所有健康问题都应进行评估并开出适当的干预措施。成年女性脑瘫患者似乎没有重大的生殖健康问题。女性应参与所有关于诊断和治疗的决策。成年女性脑瘫患者可能会参与一些健康行为。然而，实施健康促进项目需要对健康行为理论和模型有一定的了解。仅仅调整现有项目以使其具有可及性（如交通、成本、环境）可能还不够。成年女性脑瘫患者参与健康促进项目必须考虑个人认知和价值观、社会网络、个人控制感以及对改变生活方式态度的转变意愿。
