Mehndiratta P L, Vidhani S, Mathur M D
National Staphylococcal Phage Typing Center, Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2001 Sep;114:90-4.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Staphylococcus aureus is regarded as one of the most devastating human pathogens. Recently there have been reports of increasing incidence of S. aureus strains resistant to methicillin (MRSA). A surveillance study was undertaken to record the occurrence of MRSA and to study the prevalence of various phage groups in India.
A total of 7574 strains of S. aureus received during 1992-98 at the National Staphylococcal Phage Typing Centre, New Delhi were tested for methicillin resistance and susceptibility to phages of the International basic set. The occurrence of various phage groups between MRSA and MSSA (methicillin sensitive S. aureus) was compared. Results were analyzed according to the geographical origin and source of isolation of the strains.
The dominant phage group from different parts of the country was phage group III. Prevalence of phage group III among the MRSA and MSSA isolates was 62.32 and 33.95 per cent respectively. The highest isolation of phage group III strains was from nasal carriers (45.94%), phage group II strains from skin (8.74%), phage group I strains from blood (19.44%) and nontypable strains from the environment (80.68%). An increase in the occurrence of MRSA has been noticed from 9.83 per cent in 1992 to 45.44 per cent in 1998.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: S. aureus strains of phage group III are prevalent in India. The increase in occurrence of MRSA indicates an alarming spread of these organisms. A constant monitoring is important to take appropriate and timely measures to control their spread.
金黄色葡萄球菌被认为是最具破坏力的人类病原体之一。最近有报道称，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）菌株的发病率在上升。开展了一项监测研究，以记录MRSA的发生情况，并研究印度不同噬菌体组的流行情况。
对1992 - 1998年期间在新德里国家葡萄球菌噬菌体分型中心收到的总共7574株金黄色葡萄球菌进行了耐甲氧西林检测以及对国际基本噬菌体组的噬菌体敏感性检测。比较了MRSA和甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）之间不同噬菌体组的发生情况。根据菌株的地理来源和分离源对结果进行了分析。
该国不同地区的主要噬菌体组是III组。III组在MRSA和MSSA分离株中的流行率分别为62.32%和33.95%。III组菌株的最高分离率来自鼻携带者（45.94%），II组菌株来自皮肤（8.74%），I组菌株来自血液（19.44%），不可分型菌株来自环境（80.68%）。已注意到MRSA的发生率从1992年的9.83%上升到1998年的45.44%。
III组金黄色葡萄球菌菌株在印度很普遍。MRSA发生率的上升表明这些病原体的传播令人担忧。持续监测对于采取适当和及时的措施控制其传播很重要。
