Boix Martínez Raquel, Almazán Isla Javier, Medrano Albero Ma José
Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Rev Esp Cardiol. 2002 Mar;55(3):219-26. doi: 10.1016/s0300-8932(02)76589-5.
Heart failure is now the third leading cause of cardiovascular death in developed countries and is also an important cause of morbidity and hospitalization that now represents the main cause of admissions among the elderly. In this study we present heart failure mortality trends in Spain developing over the last 20 years.
Data on deaths due to heart failure were obtained from files supplied by the Spanish National Institute for Statistics. We present age-adjusted specific mortality rates over time analyzed by sex and geographic area. Poisson regression models were used to estimate trends.
Heart failure is responsible for 4 to 8% of all-cause mortality in men and women, and for 12 to 20% of cardiovascular mortality overall, the the highest rates seen among the elderly and in Andalusia. The lowest rates are found in the Basque Country and some provinces of Castilla-Leon. Rates have tended to decrease over the last 20 years, but the rate of decrease has been slower in women, such that their mortality began to exceeded that of men from 1990 onwards. Mortality among the elderly has not changed significantly but the total number of deaths and morbidity are both increasing.
Because the Spanish population is aging, we can foresee that chronic heart failure will require greater attention in the future.
心力衰竭目前是发达国家心血管疾病死亡的第三大主要原因，也是发病率和住院率的重要原因，现已成为老年人住院的主要原因。在本研究中，我们呈现了过去20年西班牙心力衰竭死亡率的变化趋势。
心力衰竭死亡数据来自西班牙国家统计局提供的档案。我们展示了按性别和地理区域分析的随时间调整年龄后的特定死亡率。使用泊松回归模型来估计趋势。
心力衰竭导致男性和女性全因死亡率的4%至8%，以及总体心血管死亡率的12%至20%，在老年人和安达卢西亚地区的发生率最高。最低发生率出现在巴斯克地区和卡斯蒂利亚 - 莱昂的一些省份。在过去20年中，发生率呈下降趋势，但女性下降速度较慢，以至于从1990年起其死亡率开始超过男性。老年人的死亡率没有显著变化，但死亡总数和发病率都在增加。
由于西班牙人口老龄化，我们可以预见，慢性心力衰竭在未来将需要更多关注。
