Shih C N, Marth E H
Z Lebensm Unters Forsch. 1975 Jul 24;158(4):215-24. doi: 10.1007/BF01261562.
Spores of an aflatoxigenic strain of Aspergillus parasiticus were inoculated into a glucose-salts medium which was incubated with and without shaking at 28 degrees C for 15 days. Without shaking, maximal production of total aflatoxin and aflatoxins B1, G1, and G2 occurred at 5 days, whereas the maximal amount of B2 appeared after 7 days. Initially approximately 5% of the total toxins appeared in the mycelium but this increased to more than 60% after 5 days. Shaking of cultures during incubation served to reduce production of total aflatoxin and of each of the individual toxins. The maximal amount of total aflatoxin and of toxins B1 and G1 appeared in shaken cultures after 5 days, whereas 8 and 11 days were needed to obtain maximal amounts of B2 and G2, respectively. The mycelium of shaken cultures initially retained approximately 50% of the total aflatoxin and this increased to about 80% as the incubation progressed. Very little aflatoxin was synthesized at 35 and 45 degrees C and production of total aflatoxin and of each individual toxin was less at 15 degrees C than at 25 or 28 degrees C. When the medium contained 0.5 to 50% glucose, maximal amounts of total aflatoxin and of aflatoxins B1, G1 and G2 appeared in the presence of 30% glucose; only 20% glucose was needed to obtain the greatest amount of B2. The mycelium retained approximately 50% of total aflatoxin when the medium contained 5 to 20%. Neither aflatoxin G1 nor G2 were detected when the medium contained 0.05% ammonium sulfate and only B1, B2, and G1 appeared in the medium with 0.1% of the salt. Maximal production of each individual aflatoxin and of total aflatoxin occured with 1% of ammonium sulfate in the medium. The proportion of total aflatoxin retained by the mycelium decreased from 83 to 37% as the amount of ammonium sulfate in the medium was increased from 0,05 to 10%.
将寄生曲霉产黄曲霉毒素菌株的孢子接种到葡萄糖盐培养基中，该培养基在28℃下进行振荡和非振荡培养15天。非振荡培养时，总黄曲霉毒素以及黄曲霉毒素B1、G1和G2在第5天产量最高，而B2的最大产量出现在第7天后。最初，约5%的总毒素出现在菌丝体中，但5天后这一比例增加到60%以上。培养期间振荡培养可减少总黄曲霉毒素和每种单一毒素的产量。振荡培养的总黄曲霉毒素以及毒素B1和G1在第5天产量最高，而分别需要8天和11天才能获得B2和G2的最大产量。振荡培养的菌丝体最初保留约50%的总黄曲霉毒素，随着培养进行，这一比例增加到约80%。在35℃和45℃时黄曲霉毒素合成极少，在15℃时总黄曲霉毒素和每种单一毒素的产量低于25℃或28℃时。当培养基含有0.5%至50%葡萄糖时，在30%葡萄糖存在下总黄曲霉毒素以及黄曲霉毒素B1、G1和G2产量最高；获得最大量的B2仅需20%葡萄糖。当培养基含有5%至20%葡萄糖时，菌丝体保留约50%的总黄曲霉毒素。当培养基含有0.05%硫酸铵时未检测到黄曲霉毒素G1和G2，当培养基含有0.1%该盐时，培养基中仅出现B1、B2和G1。培养基中含有1%硫酸铵时，每种单一黄曲霉毒素和总黄曲霉毒素产量最高。随着培养基中硫酸铵含量从0.05%增加到10%，菌丝体保留的总黄曲霉毒素比例从83%降至37%。
