Dubowski K M
Z Rechtsmed. 1975 Nov 11;76(2):93-117. doi: 10.1007/BF00200555.
Various biological factors affecting breath-alcohol analysis were studied experimentally. End-expiratory temperatures in 55 healthy subjects were found to range from 32.41 to 35.69 degrees C with a mean of 34.53 degrees C. Forced vital capacity in the same subjects ranged from 1825 to 6550 ml with a mean of 4038 ml, and maximum exhalation after normal inhalation ranged from 1180 to 4550 ml with a mean of 2730 ml. It was found that 65-70% of available breath must be discarded before the alveolar plateau is reached during expiration. End-expiratory (alveolar) carbon dioxide in 155 healthy subjects was 3.5-8.3% by volume (mean = 6.52). After oral alcohol intake, retained mouth-alcohol in 8 subjects had disappeared after 11 minutes without subsequent water-rinsing of the mouth, and after 8 minutes with rinsing. Water condensation in plastic mouthpieces/saliva traps during breath sampling yielded mean weight gains of 13.0, 8.6, and 4.6 mg., respectively, at initial mouthpiece temperatures of 3 degrees C, 22.5 degrees C, and 34.7 degrees C, respectively.
对影响呼气酒精分析的各种生物学因素进行了实验研究。55名健康受试者的呼气末温度范围为32.41至35.69摄氏度，平均为34.53摄氏度。同一受试者的用力肺活量范围为1825至6550毫升，平均为4038毫升，正常吸气后的最大呼气量范围为1180至4550毫升，平均为2730毫升。研究发现，在呼气过程中达到肺泡平台之前，必须丢弃65%至70%的有效呼气。155名健康受试者的呼气末（肺泡）二氧化碳体积分数为3.5%至8.3%（平均=6.52）。口服酒精后，8名受试者口中残留的酒精在未随后漱口的情况下11分钟后消失，漱口后8分钟消失。在呼气采样期间，塑料咬嘴/唾液收集器中的水凝结分别在咬嘴初始温度为3摄氏度、22.5摄氏度和34.7摄氏度时，平均增重分别为13.0毫克、8.6毫克和4.6毫克。
