Spector N H
Science. 1971 Apr 2;172(3978):57-9. doi: 10.1126/science.172.3978.57.
Transitory contact of ethanol with the mucous membranes of the mouth or nasal passages, or both, is sufficient to drastically alter measurements of concentrations of ethanol in so-called "alveolar" gas for more than 20 minutes after such contact. Various concentrations of ethanol were taken into the mouth by human subjects and were expectorated. Readings of so-called "blood alcohol" were then taken at short intervals by means of the Breathalyzer(R) and were continued up to 1 hour after exposure. These readings were compared with blood-alcohol concentrations measured by quantitative chemical analysis of venous blood. When true concentrations of blood alcohol were at or close to zero (plus possible error of 0.0001 gram per 100 milliliters), readings of greater than 0.40 gram per 100 milliliters were obtained on the Breathalyzer. Repeated mouth washing and gargling with water, changes in the nature of the solvent, and stomach loading each had only a slight effect in diminishing these errors.
乙醇与口腔或鼻腔黏膜，或两者的短暂接触，足以在接触后20多分钟内显著改变所谓“肺泡”气体中乙醇浓度的测量值。人类受试者将不同浓度的乙醇含入口中，然后吐出。随后每隔短时间使用呼气酒精含量探测器进行所谓“血液酒精含量”读数，并在接触后持续1小时。将这些读数与通过静脉血定量化学分析测得的血液酒精浓度进行比较。当血液酒精的实际浓度为零或接近零（每100毫升可能存在0.0001克的误差）时，呼气酒精含量探测器的读数大于每100毫升0.40克。反复用水漱口和漱喉、改变溶剂性质以及胃部负荷对减少这些误差的影响都很小。
