Carpenter Michael, Cranford Jerry L, Hymel Murvin R, De Chicchis Albert R, Holbert Donald
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
J Clin Neurophysiol. 2002 Jan;19(1):55-60. doi: 10.1097/00004691-200201000-00007.
Effects of active versus passive listening on the N1 and P2 components of the late auditory evoked potential were examined in 20 young adults following instructions to ignore and later to attend to different trains of frequent and deviant tones presented to one or both ears. To distinguish monaural from binaural neural refractory or recovery effects, monaural test runs were used to control for differences in stimulus-onset asynchronies (SOAs) between monaural and binaural runs. As expected, selective attention and monaural neuronal refractory effects were found. When attending the tones, listeners exhibited significantly larger P2, but not N1, amplitudes. During test runs with shorter monaural SOAs, listeners exhibited smaller N1 and P2 amplitudes than they did with longer SOAs. However, whether attending or nonattending, P2 amplitudes were smaller during binaural than monaural test runs, which suggests the possible existence of some form of "binaural" neuronal refractory or recovery effect. However, the absence of this binaural effect with the N1 component would suggest that binaural refractoriness, if it exists, involves different physiologic processes than monaural refractoriness.
在20名年轻成年人中，按照指示先忽略、随后关注分别呈现给一只耳朵或两只耳朵的不同频率和偏离音调序列，研究了主动聆听与被动聆听对晚期听觉诱发电位N1和P2成分的影响。为了区分单耳与双耳神经不应期或恢复效应，采用单耳测试来控制单耳与双耳测试中刺激起始异步性（SOA）的差异。正如预期的那样，发现了选择性注意和单耳神经元不应期效应。当关注音调时，聆听者表现出显著更大的P2波幅，但N1波幅没有变化。在单耳SOA较短的测试中，聆听者的N1和P2波幅比SOA较长时更小。然而，无论是否关注，双耳测试中的P2波幅都比单耳测试时小，这表明可能存在某种形式的“双耳”神经元不应期或恢复效应。然而，N1成分不存在这种双耳效应，这表明如果存在双耳不应期，其涉及的生理过程与单耳不应期不同。
