Gauchard G, Chau N, Mur J M, Perrin P
National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U 420, Faculté de Médecine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
Ergonomics. 2001 Nov 15;44(14):1330-9. doi: 10.1080/00140130110084791.
Falls are frequent occupational accidents involving workers and lead to important social and economic consequences both for the individual and for the employer. Different factors can modify balance control and lead to falling, especially environment-related and individual factors. The literature would appear to indicate that there have been few studies on the intrinsic factors involving the mechanisms of generating falls. This review determines the main factors involved in the mechanisms of falling, whether related to the environment, work or the individual. Knowledge of the extrinsic and intrinsic factors contributing to the fall could allow securer environment planning and occupational conditions for employers, and the use of balance rehabilitation methods for individuals to reduce the risk of falls.
跌倒事故是涉及工人的常见职业事故，会给个人和雇主带来重大的社会和经济后果。不同因素会影响平衡控制并导致跌倒，尤其是与环境和个人相关的因素。文献显示，关于涉及跌倒发生机制的内在因素的研究较少。本综述确定了跌倒机制中涉及的主要因素，无论是与环境、工作还是个人相关的因素。了解导致跌倒的外在和内在因素，可为雇主提供更安全的环境规划和职业条件，并为个人提供平衡康复方法，以降低跌倒风险。
