Kinova S, Duris I
1st Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Bratisl Lek Listy. 2001;102(11):495-504.
Carcinoid tumors are slow growing malignancies which occur most frequently in the gastrointestinal tract (about 74%). They can also be found in the bronchus, ovary, lung, thymus, kidney or thyroid gland. Carcinoid tumors are usually identified histologically by their affinity to silver salts, or more specifically by immunocytochemistry using antibodies against their specific cellular products. Survival rates depend on the location of primary tumor, extent of locoregional and metastatic disease, functional status of the tumor and the feasibility of complete surgical extirpation. Clinical manifestations are often vague or absent. Nevertheless, tumours secrete bioactive mediators which may in approximately of 10% of patients engender various elements of characteristics of carcinoid syndrome. Patients with advanced carcinoid disease should be treated with aggressive medical and surgical therapies. (Ref. 103.)
类癌肿瘤是生长缓慢的恶性肿瘤，最常发生于胃肠道（约74%）。它们也可出现在支气管、卵巢、肺、胸腺、肾脏或甲状腺。类癌肿瘤通常通过其对银盐的亲和力在组织学上得以鉴定，或者更具体地说，通过使用针对其特定细胞产物的抗体进行免疫细胞化学鉴定。生存率取决于原发肿瘤的位置、局部区域和转移性疾病的范围、肿瘤的功能状态以及完全手术切除的可行性。临床表现通常不明确或无明显症状。然而，肿瘤会分泌生物活性介质，约10%的患者可能会出现类癌综合征的各种特征。晚期类癌疾病患者应接受积极的药物和手术治疗。（参考文献103）
