Dugas J
Am J Ment Defic. 1975 Nov;80(3):349-56.
The possibility that the familiarity value of stimuli might be a component of the rehearsal strategies mechanism in Ellis' (1970) multiprocess theory of short-term memory was investigated. Retarded and nonretarded subjects of equal CA were given either PA pretraining of nonsense pictures with colors or were presented with nonsense pictures alone. They were then compared in their performance on either an experimenter- or subject-paced serial memory task in which the nonsense pictures were employed as stimuli. It was expected that pretraining would increase the familiarity value of nonsense stimuli for nonretarded and, to a lesser extent, retarded subjects, facilitating transfer of information from primary to secondary memory in both groups. Although predictions about the effects of pretraining on retention were not substantiated, the results of the experiment did support the hypothesis that a production deficiency in active encoding can account for the poor secondary memory of mentally retarded subjects.
研究了刺激的熟悉度值可能是埃利斯（1970）短期记忆多过程理论中复述策略机制的一个组成部分这一可能性。选取了年龄相当的智力发育迟缓与非智力发育迟缓的受试者，让他们对带有颜色的无意义图片进行PA预训练，或者只呈现无意义图片。然后，在以实验者或受试者为节奏的系列记忆任务中，将他们使用无意义图片作为刺激时的表现进行比较。预计预训练会提高无意义刺激对非智力发育迟缓受试者以及在较小程度上对智力发育迟缓受试者的熟悉度值，促进两组受试者从初级记忆到次级记忆的信息转移。虽然关于预训练对记忆保持影响的预测未得到证实，但实验结果确实支持了这样一种假设，即主动编码中的产生缺陷可以解释智力发育迟缓受试者较差的次级记忆。
