Amir-Jahed A K, Fardin R, Farzad A, Bakshandeh K
Ann Surg. 1975 Nov;182(5):541-6. doi: 10.1097/00000658-197511000-00001.
In 221 patients (0.48% of hospital admissions) with hydatid disease (122 female and 99 males), 81% had single and 19% multiple organs involved. Lungs, liver and spleen as single sites of echinococcosis together represented 83.24% of cases and the liver alone represented 95.24% of instances with multiple organ involvement. One hundred seventy-nine single and 74 multiple cysts (ratio of 2.42/1) represented a total of 363 cysts (1.64 cysts/patient). The incidence of intact cysts was 51.52% and 48.48% had ruptured. Ruptures numbered highest in the lungs (73.44%) and greater in multiple (79.66%) than in single cysts (68.12%). In the liver, 27.14% of single and 54.55% of multiple cysts (40.44% of all liver cysts) had ruptured. Cysts varied in size from 0.8 to 35 cm diameter. Single cysts averaged significantly higher (14.16 cm) and multiple ones lower (5.71 cm) as did intact (6.75 cm) versus reptured cysts (4.33 cm). Except for 10 silent and 15 symptomatic cysts treated medically, all the rest were treated surgically by removal of the endocyst or resection of both endo and exocysts including 205 first, 31 second and 5 third procedures (1.75% of all major operations). Complications occurred in 28.57%. Surgical mortality (3.57%) was markedly lower than with conservative treatment (60%) and significantly less than that of the whole group (14.48%).
在221例包虫病患者（占住院患者的0.48%）中，女性122例，男性99例，81%的患者为单个器官受累，19%为多个器官受累。肺、肝和脾作为棘球蚴病的单个受累部位，共占病例的83.24%，仅肝脏受累占多器官受累病例的95.24%。179个单发包虫囊肿和74个多发包虫囊肿（比例为2.42/1），共计363个囊肿（平均每位患者1.64个囊肿）。完整囊肿的发生率为51.52%，破裂囊肿的发生率为48.48%。囊肿破裂发生率最高的是肺部（73.44%），多发包虫囊肿的破裂发生率（79.66%）高于单发包虫囊肿（68.12%）。在肝脏，27.14%的单发包虫囊肿和54.55%的多发包虫囊肿（占所有肝囊肿的40.44%）发生破裂。囊肿直径从0.8厘米到35厘米不等。单发包虫囊肿平均直径显著更大（14.16厘米），多发包虫囊肿平均直径更小（5.71厘米），完整囊肿平均直径（6.75厘米）大于破裂囊肿（4.33厘米）。除10例无症状囊肿和15例有症状囊肿接受药物治疗外，其余均通过手术切除内囊或切除内囊和外囊进行治疗，其中一级手术205例，二级手术31例，三级手术5例（占所有大手术的1.75%）。并发症发生率为28.57%。手术死亡率（3.57%）明显低于保守治疗（60%），且显著低于整个研究组（14.48%）。
