Ruther W, Graul E H, Heinrich W, Allkofer O C, Kaiser R, Cuer P
Klinik und Poliklinik fur Nuklearmedizin, Universitat Marburg, Marburg/Lahn, FRG.
Life Sci Space Res. 1974;12:69-74. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-08-021783-3.50013-1.
The Biostack experiment (Principal Investigators: H. Bucker) aboard Apollo 16 contained one unit with eggs of the brine shrimp Artemia salina. The eggs were fixed in polyvinyl alcohol foils. Nuclear emulsions and plastics were used as track detectors. The development of 260 eggs hit by cosmic heavy ions was investigated. It differed significantly from the development of the flight controls--eggs flown in the Biostack but not hit by heavy ions--and of the ground controls. From these results it was concluded that a hit of a single heavy ion may injure the encysted blastula. This damage was found to influence the gastrula formation and even the hatching process of the nauplius. Abnormalities of the orthonauplius were observed during the development of the hit eggs. These are shortened extremities, or abnormal thorax or abdomen. In addition, in the Biostack II aboard Apollo 17 eggs of Tribolium confusum and Carausius morosus were included. The influence of single heavy ions on the development process of these highly organized insects was investigated.
阿波罗16号上的生物堆实验（首席研究员：H. 布克）包含一个装有卤虫（丰年虾）卵的单元。这些卵被固定在聚乙烯醇箔片中。核乳胶和塑料被用作径迹探测器。研究了260个被宇宙重离子撞击的卵的发育情况。其与飞行对照（在生物堆中飞行但未被重离子撞击的卵）以及地面对照的发育情况有显著差异。从这些结果可以得出结论，单个重离子的撞击可能会损伤包囊胚。发现这种损伤会影响原肠胚的形成，甚至影响无节幼体的孵化过程。在被撞击卵的发育过程中观察到了无节幼体的异常情况。这些异常包括肢体缩短、胸部或腹部异常。此外，在阿波罗17号上的生物堆II中还包括了杂拟谷盗和欧洲水青蛾的卵。研究了单个重离子对这些高度组织化昆虫发育过程的影响。
