Chérif A, Marrakchi Z, Chaouachi S, Boukef S, Sfar R
Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique B, unité de néonatologie, hôpital Charles Nicolle, boulevard 9 Avril, 1006 Tunis, Tunisie.
Arch Pediatr. 2002 Feb;9(2):159-68. doi: 10.1016/s0929-693x(01)00726-6.
Inflammation plays a major role in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia of preterm infants. Having a strong anti-inflammatory effect, corticosteroids have been proposed in the management of this disease. Antenatal steroids protect the newborn against its development. Postnatal systemic administration of steroids reduces the duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy, but is associated with short term and long term adverse effects. Early administration of dexamethasone (before 7 days of life) reduces the incidence and the severity of chronic lung disease at 28 days of life and 36 weeks of post-conceptional age. Inhaled steroids are associated with less adverse effects than dexamethasone administration, but they are also less effective.
炎症在早产儿支气管肺发育不良的发病机制中起主要作用。皮质类固醇具有强大的抗炎作用，已被提议用于该疾病的治疗。产前使用类固醇可预防新生儿发生支气管肺发育不良。产后全身性使用类固醇可缩短机械通气和氧疗的时间，但会带来短期和长期的不良反应。早期（出生7天内）使用地塞米松可降低出生28天时和孕龄36周时慢性肺病的发病率和严重程度。与使用地塞米松相比，吸入性类固醇的不良反应较少，但效果也较差。
