Hubberstey Andrew V, Mottillo Emilio P
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada.
FASEB J. 2002 Apr;16(6):487-99. doi: 10.1096/fj.01-0659rev.
Many extracellular signals elicit changes in the actin cytoskeleton, which are mediated through an array of signaling proteins and pathways. One family of proteins that plays a role in regulating actin remodeling in response to cellular signals are the cyclase-associated proteins (CAPs). CAPs are highly conserved monomeric actin binding proteins present in a wide range of organisms including yeast, fly, plants, and mammals. The original CAP was isolated as a component of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae adenylyl cyclase complex that serves as an effector of Ras during nutritional signaling. CAPs are multifunctional molecules that contain domains involved in actin binding, adenylyl cyclase association in yeast, SH3 binding, and oligomerization. Genetic studies in yeast have implicated CAPs in vesicle trafficking and endocytosis. CAPs play a developmental role in multicellular organisms, and studies of Drosophila have illuminated the importance of the actin cytoskeleton during eye development and in establishing oocyte polarity. This review will highlight the critical structural and functional domains of CAPs, describe recent studies that have implied important roles for these proteins in linking cell signaling with actin polymerization, and highlight their roles in vesicle trafficking and development.
许多细胞外信号会引发肌动蛋白细胞骨架的变化，这些变化是通过一系列信号蛋白和信号通路介导的。在响应细胞信号调节肌动蛋白重塑过程中发挥作用的一类蛋白质是环化酶相关蛋白（CAPs）。CAPs是高度保守的单体肌动蛋白结合蛋白，存在于包括酵母、果蝇、植物和哺乳动物在内的多种生物体中。最初的CAP是作为酿酒酵母腺苷酸环化酶复合物的一个组分被分离出来的，该复合物在营养信号传导过程中作为Ras的效应器。CAPs是多功能分子，包含参与肌动蛋白结合、酵母中腺苷酸环化酶结合、SH3结合和寡聚化的结构域。酵母中的遗传学研究表明CAPs参与囊泡运输和内吞作用。CAPs在多细胞生物体的发育中发挥作用，对果蝇的研究揭示了肌动蛋白细胞骨架在眼睛发育和建立卵母细胞极性过程中的重要性。本综述将重点介绍CAPs的关键结构和功能结构域，描述最近暗示这些蛋白质在将细胞信号与肌动蛋白聚合联系起来方面发挥重要作用的研究，并突出它们在囊泡运输和发育中的作用。
