Sachdev Perminder S, McBride Richard, Loo Colleen, Mitchell Philip M, Malhi Gurjhinder S, Croker Vanessa
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, and Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Biol Psychiatry. 2002 Mar 15;51(6):474-9. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01298-7.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has been demonstrated in humans as well as in animal models to have an antidepressant effect, but the optimal frequency of stimulation is not known. We examined this question in a rat model of depression.
Young male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated to two placebo (restraint and sham transcranial magnetic stimulation), one active control (imipramine), and four transcranial magnetic stimulation groups at 1, 5, 15 and 25 Hz and 1000 stimuli each. The Porsolt Swim Test was performed on day 1 (experiment 1). In an extension (experiment 2), the treatments were repeated on days 2 through 5, and the Swim Test repeated on days 3, 5, and 7.
After one treatment session, all transcranial magnetic stimulation groups had significantly reduced immobility times compared with sham stimulation (p =.000), but the higher frequencies (15 and 25 Hz) did not differ significantly from lower (1 and 5 Hz) frequencies. After three sessions, all transcranial magnetic stimulation groups were different from placebo, and the rapid transcranial magnetic stimulation groups had lower immobility times than the slow transcranial magnetic stimulation groups (p =.035). After five sessions, only 15- and 25-Hz groups were different from control, and on day 7, only the 25-Hz group had reduced immobility. There was an overall difference between fast and slow transcranial magnetic stimulation (p =.010), and 1 Hz was different from the other three transcranial magnetic stimulation conditions (p =.016).
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces immobility time in the Forced Swim Test model of depression, suggesting an antidepressant effect, which is evident at a range (1-25 Hz) of frequencies. With repeated administration, the findings suggest that the antidepressant effect of the higher frequencies, as for imipramine, is likely to be sustained, although the model used for this (i.e., repeating the Swim Test) requires further validation.
重复经颅磁刺激在人类以及动物模型中均已被证明具有抗抑郁作用，但最佳刺激频率尚不清楚。我们在大鼠抑郁模型中研究了这个问题。
将年轻雄性斯普拉格 - 道利大鼠分为两个安慰剂组（束缚和假经颅磁刺激）、一个阳性对照组（丙咪嗪）以及四个经颅磁刺激组，刺激频率分别为1、5、15和25赫兹，每组各进行1000次刺激。在第1天进行波索尔特游泳试验（实验1）。在一项扩展实验（实验2）中，在第2天至第5天重复进行治疗，并在第3天、第5天和第7天重复进行游泳试验。
一次治疗后，与假刺激相比，所有经颅磁刺激组的不动时间均显著减少（p = 0.000），但较高频率（15和25赫兹）与较低频率（1和5赫兹）之间无显著差异。三次治疗后，所有经颅磁刺激组均与安慰剂组不同，快速经颅磁刺激组的不动时间低于慢速经颅磁刺激组（p = 0.035）。五次治疗后，只有15赫兹和25赫兹组与对照组不同，在第7天，只有25赫兹组的不动时间减少。快速和慢速经颅磁刺激之间存在总体差异（p = 0.010），1赫兹与其他三种经颅磁刺激条件不同（p = 0.016）。
重复经颅磁刺激可减少抑郁强迫游泳试验模型中的不动时间，提示具有抗抑郁作用，在一系列频率（1 - 25赫兹）下均有明显效果。重复给药后，研究结果表明，较高频率的抗抑郁作用可能与丙咪嗪一样持续存在，尽管用于此目的的模型（即重复游泳试验）需要进一步验证。
