Delgado J, Ramírez-Cardich M E, Gilman R H, Lavarello R, Dahodwala N, Bazán A, Rodríguez V, Cama R I, Tovar M, Lescano A
Benefit Association PRISMA (Projects in Informatics, Medicine, Health and Agriculture), Lima, Peru.
Inj Prev. 2002 Mar;8(1):38-41. doi: 10.1136/ip.8.1.38.
To characterize the presentation of burns in children and risk factors associated with their occurrence in a developing country as a basis for future prevention programs.
Case-control study.
Burn unit of the National Institute of Child Health (Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño) in Lima, Peru.
A questionnaire was administered to all consenting guardians of children admitted to the burns (cases) and general medicine (controls) units during a period of 14 months. Guardians of patients were questioned regarding etiology of the injury, demographic and socioeconomic data.
740 cases and controls were enrolled. Altogether 77.5% of the cases burns occurred in the patient's home, with 67.8% in the kitchen; 74% were due to scalding. Most involved children younger than 5 years. Lack of water supply (odds ratio (OR) 5.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.1 to 1 2.3), low income (OR 2.8, 95% CI 2.0 to 3.9), and crowding (OR 2.5, 95%CI 1.7 to 3.6) were associated with an increased risk. The presence of a living room (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.8) and better maternal education (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5 to 0.9) were protective factors.
To prevent burns interventions should be directed to low socioeconomic status groups; these interventions should be designed accordingly to local risk factors.
描述儿童烧伤的表现以及在一个发展中国家烧伤发生的相关危险因素，作为未来预防项目的基础。
病例对照研究。
秘鲁利马国家儿童健康研究所（Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño）烧伤科。
在14个月的时间里，对所有入住烧伤科（病例组）和普通内科（对照组）的儿童的同意参与的监护人进行问卷调查。询问患者监护人有关损伤的病因、人口统计学和社会经济数据。
共纳入740例病例和对照。总计77.5%的烧伤病例发生在患者家中，其中67.8%发生在厨房；74%是烫伤。大多数涉及5岁以下儿童。供水不足（比值比（OR）5.2，95%置信区间（CI）2.1至12.3）、低收入（OR 2.8，95%CI 2.0至3.9）和拥挤（OR 2.5，95%CI 1.7至3.6）与风险增加相关。有客厅（OR 0.6，95%CI 0.4至0.8）和母亲受教育程度较高（OR 0.6，95%CI 0.5至0.9）是保护因素。
为预防烧伤，干预措施应针对社会经济地位较低的群体；这些干预措施应根据当地危险因素进行相应设计。
