Forjuoh S N, Guyer B, Strobino D M, Keyl P M, Diener-West M, Smith G S
Department of Maternal and Child Health, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1995 Apr;49(2):189-93. doi: 10.1136/jech.49.2.189.
To study risk factors for childhood burns in order to identify possible preventive strategies.
Case-control design with pair matching of controls to cases in relation to age, sex, and area of residence. The cases and controls were identified by a community based, multisite survey. The effects of host and socioenvironmental variables reported by mothers were investigated in a multivariate analysis using conditional logistic regression.
A developing country setting the Ashanti Region in Ghana.
These comprised 610 cases aged 0-5 years who had been burned (as evidenced by a visible scar) and 610 controls with no burn history.
The presence of a pre-existing impairment in a child was the strongest risk factor in this population (OR = 6.71; 95% CI 2.78, 16.16). Other significant risk factor included: sibling death from a burn (OR = 4.41; 95% CI 1.16, 16.68); history of burn in a sibling (OR = 1.79; 95% CI 1.24, 2.58); and storage of a flammable substance in the home (OR = 1.51; 95% CI 1.03; 2.21). Maternal education had a protective effect against childhood burns, although this effect was not strong (OR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.55, 1.05).
Community programmes to ensure adequate child supervision and general child wellbeing, particularly for those with impairments, as well as parental education about burns are recommended, to reduce childhood burns in this region of Ghana. The public should bed advised against storing flammable substances in the home.
研究儿童烧伤的风险因素，以确定可能的预防策略。
病例对照设计，对照与病例按年龄、性别和居住地区进行配对。通过基于社区的多地点调查确定病例和对照。使用条件逻辑回归在多变量分析中研究母亲报告的宿主和社会环境变量的影响。
加纳阿散蒂地区的一个发展中国家环境。
包括610名0至5岁有烧伤史（有可见疤痕证明）的儿童病例和610名无烧伤史的对照。
儿童先前存在损伤是该人群中最强的风险因素（比值比=6.71；95%置信区间2.78,16.16）。其他显著风险因素包括：兄弟姐妹因烧伤死亡（比值比=4.41；95%置信区间1.16,16.68）；兄弟姐妹有烧伤史（比值比=1.79；95%置信区间1.24,2.58）；家中储存易燃物质（比值比=1.51；95%置信区间1.03；2.21）。母亲的教育对儿童烧伤有保护作用，尽管这种作用不强（比值比=0.76；95%置信区间0.55,1.05）。
建议开展社区项目，以确保对儿童进行充分监管并保障儿童总体福祉，特别是对有损伤的儿童，同时对家长进行烧伤教育，以减少加纳该地区的儿童烧伤。应建议公众不要在家中储存易燃物质。
