Jeppsson U, Alex J, Pons M N, Spanjers H, Vanrolleghem P A
Department of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation, Lund University, Sweden
Water Sci Technol. 2002;45(4-5):485-94.
The status of instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) within the European wastewater community is reviewed and some major incentives and bottlenecks are defined. Future trends of ICA are also discussed. The information is based on a COST 624 workshop and a non-exhaustive survey with regard to ICA carried out in 13 European countries during March 2001. The level of instrumentation (type of sensors, usage frequency, etc.) and how these instruments are used for on-line control purposes are presented for each individual country (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Netherlands, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland). The most common types of applied real-time control in wastewater treatment plants are given. One conclusion of the paper is that sensors no longer represent the main bottleneck for on-line control, rather the lack of plant flexibility is more troublesome. Moreover, the current transitional phase of the wastewater industry in Europe represents a unique opportunity to apply ICA on a large scale. The driving forces are simply too strong to ignore.
本文回顾了欧洲废水处理领域仪器仪表、控制与自动化（ICA）的现状，明确了一些主要的激励因素和瓶颈问题。同时也探讨了ICA的未来发展趋势。这些信息基于2001年3月在13个欧洲国家开展的一项关于ICA的COST 624研讨会及非详尽调查。文中针对每个国家（奥地利、比利时、捷克共和国、丹麦、芬兰、法国、德国、荷兰、罗马尼亚、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞典和瑞士）介绍了仪器仪表的水平（传感器类型、使用频率等）以及这些仪器如何用于在线控制目的。文中给出了污水处理厂中最常见的实时控制类型。本文的一个结论是，传感器不再是在线控制的主要瓶颈，相反，工厂灵活性的缺乏更令人困扰。此外，欧洲废水行业当前的过渡阶段为大规模应用ICA提供了独特的机遇。驱动力太过强大，不容忽视。
