Albegger K W, Müller O, Albegger C
HNO. 1975 Aug;23(8):233-6.
Male Wistar rats were standardized on a "light-dark" cycle. Daily light exposure was maintained from 07.00 to 19.00, while food and water were freely provided to each animal. During one 24-hour period, subgroups of five animals were sacrificed at four-hour intervals. The parotid glands were quickly removed from each animal, after which individual gland volume and weight were determined. Tissue samples were then fixed in glutaraldehyde and osmium and embedded in epon. Other samples were fixed in Carnoy and embedded in paraffin. A stereologic model of the rat parotid gland was constructed by morphometric methods. It could be demonstrated that the volume and weight of the glandular components changed during a 24-hour period. The maximum and minimum for each component were found to vary significantly; in most instances, the maximum occured during the evening at the onset of the eating cycle, whereas the minimum occurred in the morning with the completion of eating. The most dramatic differences were seen within the glandular acinar cells (Fig. 1 and 2). During a normal 24-hour period or physiological secretory cycle, the following volume changes were found: secretory granules, 160%; nuclei, 30%; nucleoli, 80%; golgi-areas, 60%; rough endoplasmic reticulum, 10%. The present study indicates that the parotid gland has a time-dependent structure which reflects the rhythmic activity of the gland in production, storage and extrusion of secretory material.
雄性Wistar大鼠按照“明-暗”周期进行标准化饲养。每日光照时间为07:00至19:00，同时为每只动物自由提供食物和水。在一个24小时时间段内，将五只动物分为一组，每隔四小时处死一组。迅速从每只动物身上取出腮腺，然后测定各个腺体的体积和重量。接着将组织样本固定在戊二醛和锇中，并包埋在环氧树脂中。其他样本则固定在卡诺固定液中并包埋在石蜡中。通过形态计量学方法构建大鼠腮腺的立体模型。结果表明，腺体组成部分的体积和重量在24小时内会发生变化。发现每个组成部分的最大值和最小值差异显著；在大多数情况下，最大值出现在进食周期开始的傍晚，而最小值出现在进食结束后的早晨。在腺泡细胞内观察到最显著的差异（图1和图2）。在正常的24小时或生理分泌周期内，发现以下体积变化：分泌颗粒，160%；细胞核，30%；核仁，80%；高尔基体区域，60%；粗面内质网，10%。本研究表明，腮腺具有时间依赖性结构，这反映了腺体在分泌物质的产生、储存和排出过程中的节律性活动。
