Sharp J T, Goldberg N B, Druz W S, Danon J
J Appl Physiol. 1975 Oct;39(4):608-18. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1975.39.4.608.
By use of the method of Konno and Mead and the respiratory magnetometer, the partition of respired gas volumes into rib cage and diaphragm-abdomen components was accomplished in 81 normal subjects including 32 young and middle-aged men, 29 young and middle-aged women, and 20 elderly men. Studied were isovolume maneuvers and the relaxation configuration over the inspiratory capacity range, quiet tidal breathing, increased amplitudes of slow breathing, rapid inspirations and expirations, and both quiet and forceful phonation. No major differences were noted between men and women or between the young and the elderly during any respiratory acts. During quiet breathing most normal subjects are abdominal breathers when supine and thoracic breathers when upright. Rapid respiratory maneuvers were accomplished mostly through rib cage displacement suggesting that rib cage muscles are capable of more rapid action than diaphragm and abdominal muscles. Data from deep breathing and rapid maneuvers supported the view that abdominal and rib cage muscles often act to optimize the mechanical (length-tension) advantage of the diaphragm.
通过使用康诺（Konno）和米德（Mead）的方法以及呼吸磁力计，在81名正常受试者中完成了将呼出气体量划分为胸廓和膈肌-腹部成分的工作，这些受试者包括32名中青年男性、29名中青年女性和20名老年男性。研究了等容动作以及吸气容量范围内的松弛形态、安静潮气呼吸、慢呼吸幅度增加、快速吸气和呼气，以及安静和用力发声。在任何呼吸动作中，男性与女性之间或年轻人与老年人之间均未发现重大差异。在安静呼吸时，大多数正常受试者仰卧时为腹式呼吸，直立时为胸式呼吸。快速呼吸动作大多通过胸廓移位完成，这表明胸廓肌肉比膈肌和腹部肌肉能够进行更快的动作。深呼吸和快速动作的数据支持了这样一种观点，即腹部和胸廓肌肉常常协同作用，以优化膈肌的机械（长度-张力）优势。
