MMWR Recomm Rep. 2001 Nov 16;50(RR-20):1-12.
Monitoring human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) ribonucleic acid levels (also known as HIV viral load) has become the standard of care for monitoring response to therapy in HIV-infected patients. In 1999, CDC published updated surveillance case definitions for HIV infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) reporting, including positive results of HIV-1 viral detection tests (CDC. Guidelines for national human immunodeficiency virus case surveillance, including monitoring for human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. MMWR 1999;48[No. RR-131:1-28). Since 1996, an increased number of public and private laboratories have begun performing viral load tests. Results obtained with available test methods are variable, and laboratories present these results in different ways, indicating that guidelines to promote standard practice in reporting of test results are warranted. This report provides guidelines for standardized reporting of viral load test results by licensed laboratories to health-care providers and facilities for public health case reporting of HIV infection and AIDS. Recommended standards were developed through data review, input involving a working group of physicians and laboratorians experienced in viral load testing, and an assessment of laboratory practices. These guidelines were discussed, refined, and endorsed at the annual Human Retrovirus and Hepatitis C Laboratory Testing Conference, held March 6-9, 2000, in Charlotte, North Carolina, with participation of representatives from public health, hospital, independent, and blood-collection-facility laboratories. Adoption of these guidelines by all public and private laboratories that perform HIV viral load testing will improve the quality and usefulness of viral load test results for the physician ordering the test and for reporting to public health departments.
监测1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）核糖核酸水平（也称为HIV病毒载量）已成为监测HIV感染患者治疗反应的护理标准。1999年，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）发布了HIV感染和获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）报告的最新监测病例定义，包括HIV-1病毒检测试验的阳性结果（CDC。国家人类免疫缺陷病毒病例监测指南，包括对人类免疫缺陷病毒感染和获得性免疫缺陷综合征的监测。《发病率与死亡率周报》1999年；48[第RR-13号：1-28]）。自1996年以来，越来越多的公共和私人实验室开始进行病毒载量检测。现有检测方法获得的结果存在差异，且实验室呈现这些结果的方式各不相同，这表明有必要制定指南以促进检测结果报告的标准做法。本报告为有执照的实验室向医疗保健提供者和机构进行病毒载量检测结果的标准化报告提供指南，以便对HIV感染和AIDS进行公共卫生病例报告。推荐标准是通过数据审查、由在病毒载量检测方面经验丰富的医生和实验室人员组成的工作组提供的意见以及对实验室做法的评估而制定的。这些指南在2000年3月6日至9日于北卡罗来纳州夏洛特市举行的年度人类逆转录病毒和丙型肝炎实验室检测会议上进行了讨论、完善并获得认可，公共卫生、医院、独立和采血机构实验室的代表参与了会议。所有进行HIV病毒载量检测的公共和私人实验室采用这些指南，将提高病毒载量检测结果对开具检测医嘱的医生以及向公共卫生部门报告的质量和实用性。
