van der Woude L H V, Bouten C, Veeger H E J, Gwinn T
Institute for Fundamental and Clinical Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2002 Apr;81(4):261-71. doi: 10.1097/00002060-200204000-00004.
To give a descriptive analysis of aerobic capacity among elite wheelchair athletes in association with various personal characteristics and sprint or anaerobic capacity.
Sixty-eight wheelchair athletes who participated in the World Games and Championships for the Disabled were included. Parameters for aerobic capacity were evaluated in a standardized wheelchair exercise test on a computer-controlled wheelchair ergometer at the games. The ergometer setting was individually tuned according to standardized procedures.
Mean maximum power output was 72.2 +/- 36.7 W. Peak oxygen uptake showed similar strong variations among different subject groups. High values were seen in a group of six subjects with amputations. Results stressed that, apart from sex, functionality and training status had a strong influence on aerobic capacity. Anaerobic and aerobic capacity were strongly associated.
Functionality, training status, and sex are important determinants of aerobic capacity. The functional classification used at international sports events is represented in the data, and further study into the possible contribution of standardized exercise tests within the issue of classification must be considered. The use of standardized exercise tests for the evaluation of training and for rehabilitation progress must be advocated, with power output being an important outcome measure at the level of ability, whereas oxygen uptake represents outcome at the level of organ systems.
对精英轮椅运动员的有氧能力进行描述性分析，并探讨其与各种个人特征以及短跑或无氧能力之间的关系。
纳入68名参加世界残疾人运动会和锦标赛的轮椅运动员。在运动会上，通过计算机控制的轮椅测力计进行标准化轮椅运动测试，评估有氧能力参数。测力计设置根据标准化程序进行个性化调整。
平均最大功率输出为72.2±36.7瓦。不同受试者组之间的峰值摄氧量也有类似的显著差异。在一组6名截肢受试者中出现了较高的值。结果强调，除性别外，功能和训练状态对有氧能力有很大影响。无氧能力和有氧能力密切相关。
功能、训练状态和性别是有氧能力的重要决定因素。国际体育赛事中使用的功能分类在数据中有所体现，必须考虑进一步研究标准化运动测试在分类问题中可能做出的贡献。必须提倡使用标准化运动测试来评估训练和康复进展，功率输出是能力水平的重要结果指标，而摄氧量则代表器官系统水平的结果。
