Kinsman Tahnee A, Hahn Allan G, Gore Christopher J, Wilsmore Bradley R, Martin David T, Chow Chin-Moi
Department of Physiology, Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2616, Australia.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002 May;92(5):2114-8. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00737.2001.
We examined the initial effect of sleeping at a simulated moderate altitude of 2,650 m on the frequency of apneas and hypopneas, as well as on the heart rate and blood oxygen saturation from pulse oximetry (SpO2) during rapid eye movement (REM) and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep of 17 trained cyclists. Pulse oximetry revealed that sleeping at simulated altitude significantly increased heart rate (3 +/- 1 beats/min; means +/- SE) and decreased SpO2 (-6 +/- 1%) compared with baseline data collected near sea level. In response to simulated altitude, 15 of the 17 subjects increased the combined frequency of apneas plus hypopneas from baseline levels. On exposure to simulated altitude, the increase in apnea was significant from baseline for both sleep states (2.0 +/- 1.3 events/h for REM, 9.9 +/- 6.2 events/h for NREM), but the difference between the two states was not significantly different. Hypopnea frequency was significantly elevated from baseline to simulated altitude exposure in both sleep states, and under hypoxic conditions it was greater in REM than in NREM sleep (7.9 +/- 1.8 vs. 4.2 +/- 1.3 events/h, respectively). Periodic breathing episodes during sleep were identified in four subjects, making this the first study to show periodic breathing in healthy adults at a level of hypoxia equivalent to 2,650-m altitude. These results indicate that simulated moderate hypoxia of a level typically chosen by coaches and elite athletes for simulated altitude programs can cause substantial respiratory events during sleep.
我们研究了在模拟海拔2650米的高度睡眠对17名训练有素的自行车运动员在快速眼动（REM）睡眠和非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠期间呼吸暂停和呼吸不足的频率，以及心率和脉搏血氧饱和度（SpO2）的初始影响。脉搏血氧测定显示，与在海平面附近收集的基线数据相比，在模拟海拔高度睡眠显著增加了心率（3±1次/分钟；平均值±标准误）并降低了SpO2（-6±1%）。响应模拟海拔高度，17名受试者中有15名的呼吸暂停加呼吸不足的合并频率较基线水平有所增加。暴露于模拟海拔高度时，两种睡眠状态下呼吸暂停的增加均显著高于基线水平（REM睡眠为2.0±1.3次/小时，NREM睡眠为9.9±6.2次/小时），但两种状态之间的差异无统计学意义。两种睡眠状态下，呼吸不足频率从基线到模拟海拔高度暴露均显著升高，且在低氧条件下，REM睡眠中的呼吸不足频率高于NREM睡眠（分别为7.9±1.8次/小时和4.2±1.3次/小时）。在四名受试者中发现了睡眠期间的周期性呼吸发作，这是第一项显示健康成年人在相当于2650米海拔高度的低氧水平下出现周期性呼吸的研究。这些结果表明，教练和精英运动员在模拟海拔训练计划中通常选择的典型水平的模拟中度低氧可在睡眠期间导致大量呼吸事件。
