Sosa-Estani Sergio, Martínez Valeria P, González Della Valle Marcelo, Edelstein Alexis, Miguel Sergio, Padula Paula J, Cacase María L, Segura Elsa L
Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación, Endemo-epidemias (CeNDIE)/Administración Nacional, Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán.
Medicina (B Aires). 2002;62(1):1-8.
This paper analyzed the prevalence and distribution of serological reactivity to hantavirus (antibody against ANDES virus) of human population exposed to hantavirus and rodents trapped in the studied area. This study was developed in Salta (Orán and San Martín Departments), area with the highest incidence for Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) in Argentina. In December 1997, 453 healthy people were studied by serology and 39 rodents by serology and PCR. The studied individuals were distributed as: 145 farm inhabitants (FI), 212 people living in the same dwelling with healthy individuals (controls) (Cco), 87 people living in the same dwelling with persons undergoing SPH in 1997 (cases) (Cca). Moreover, 19 physicians and nurses who cared for patients with SPH in 1997 were also studied. The prevalence of hantavirus infection among the studied population was 6.3%. The prevalence was 10.3% among FI, 6.9% among Cca and 3.3% among Cco (p < 0.02). There was no serological reactivity among PS. The prevalence in 39 trapped rodents was 10.2%, with infection only for Oligoryzomys chacoensis, O. flavescens and Akodon varius species. The prevalence of human cases with asymptomatic infection in Salta is higher than in other regions of the country, and we are presenting a hypothesis to explain these differences. The analyzed data suggest that in this region up to the time this study was performed, there would not have been person to person transmission of hantavirus. The transmission would be from rodent contact exclusively and mainly in ongoing deforestation areas and domestic habitat surrounding rural dwellings.
本文分析了研究区域内接触汉坦病毒的人群以及捕获的啮齿动物对汉坦病毒（安第斯病毒抗体）的血清学反应性的流行情况和分布。本研究在阿根廷汉坦病毒肺综合征（HPS）发病率最高的萨尔塔省（奥拉恩和圣马丁地区）开展。1997年12月，对453名健康人进行了血清学研究，对39只啮齿动物进行了血清学和聚合酶链反应研究。研究对象分布如下：145名农场居民（FI），212名与健康个体同住一处的人（对照组）（Cco），87名与1997年患汉坦病毒肺综合征（病例）的人同住一处的人（Cca）。此外，还对1997年照顾汉坦病毒肺综合征患者的19名医生和护士进行了研究。研究人群中汉坦病毒感染的患病率为6.3%。FI中的患病率为10.3%，Cca中的患病率为6.9%，Cco中的患病率为3.3%（p<0.02）。医护人员中未出现血清学反应。39只捕获的啮齿动物中的患病率为10.2%，仅查科稻鼠、黄稻鼠和杂色稻鼠感染。萨尔塔省无症状感染人类病例的患病率高于该国其他地区，我们提出了一个假说来解释这些差异。分析数据表明，在本研究开展时，该地区尚未出现汉坦病毒的人际传播。传播仅来自与啮齿动物的接触，主要发生在正在进行森林砍伐的地区以及农村住宅周围的家庭栖息地。
