Schaper M, Jofre J, Uys M, Grabow W O K
Department of Microbiology, University of Barcelona, Spain.
J Appl Microbiol. 2002;92(4):657-67. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01600.x.
To assess whether the distribution of genotypes of F-specific RNA bacteriophages reflects faecal pollution of human and animal origin in water environments.
Stool samples, animal feedlot waste slurries and a wide variety of faecally polluted waters were studied in South Africa and Spain. Genotyping was performed by plaque and spot hybridization with genotype-specific probes. Only genotypes II and III were detected in human stool. Animal faeces contained predominantly, but not exclusively, genotypes I and IV. Raw hospital and municipal sewage contained mostly genotypes II and III, whereas genotypes I and II prevailed in settled sewage, secondary treated sewage and non-point diffuse effluents from developing communities. Abattoir wastewaters contained mostly genotypes I and IV. No differences were observed between the distribution of genotypes in Spain and South Africa.
Although the association of genotypes II and III with human excreta and I and IV with animal excreta was statistically significant, the results suggest that the association cannot be used for absolute distinction between faecal pollution of human and animal origin.
This study contributes greatly to understanding the usefulness of genotypes of F-specific RNA bacteriophages in source tracking of faecal wastes.
评估F特异性RNA噬菌体的基因型分布是否反映水环境中人类和动物来源的粪便污染。
在南非和西班牙对粪便样本、动物饲养场废水泥浆以及各种受粪便污染的水体进行了研究。通过与基因型特异性探针进行噬菌斑和斑点杂交来进行基因分型。在人类粪便中仅检测到基因型II和III。动物粪便主要但并非仅含有基因型I和IV。医院原污水和城市污水大多含有基因型II和III，而在沉淀污水、二级处理污水以及发展中社区的非点源分散污水中基因型I和II占主导。屠宰场废水大多含有基因型I和IV。在西班牙和南非的基因型分布之间未观察到差异。
尽管基因型II和III与人类排泄物以及基因型I和IV与动物排泄物之间的关联具有统计学意义，但结果表明这种关联不能用于绝对区分人类和动物来源的粪便污染。
本研究对理解F特异性RNA噬菌体基因型在粪便废物来源追踪中的作用有很大贡献。
