Arendt Elizabeth A, Bershadsky Boris, Agel Julie
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Box 492-Mayo, 420 Delaware St, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
J Gend Specif Med. 2002 Mar-Apr;5(2):19-26.
Approximately 80,000 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears occur per year in the United States. The majority of all ACL injuries are thought to be noncontact in nature with no clear mechanism of injury present. The increased rate of noncontact ACL injury in female athletes as compared to male athletes in some sports is well-documented. It explains an interest in the biochemical components as a predisposition to sustain an injury.
The goal of this study was to analyze the 28-day periodicity of noncontact ACL injuries in female athletes taking and not taking oral contraceptives (OCs).
From 1996 to 1999, a descriptive project in the National Collegiate Athletic Association and National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics member schools allowed for an assessment of the commonality in the characteristics of the noncontact-ACL-injured athletes.
Of the 128 female athletes, 83 satisfied the study inclusion criteria. Twenty-five of the subjects represented the "On-Pills" subgroup and 58 of them represented the "Off-Pills" subgroup.
The data were collected directly from the athletes by the certified athletic trainer at the school.
Centered moving average with a span of four days as well as linear and nonlinear regression were used to analyze the data.
A significant 28-day periodicity of injuries was present in the entire population as well as in the two subgroups. High- and low-risk time intervals were associated primarily with follicular and luteal phases. There was a significant difference in the time dependency of the number of injuries between the two subgroups: female athletes taking OCs demonstrated a greater difference between high and low risks, with a high-risk period shifted toward the beginning of the cycle.
There is a significant relationship between the occurrence of a noncontact ACL injury and the collegiate athlete's menstrual cycle regardless of oral contraceptive use status.
在美国，每年约有80000例前交叉韧带（ACL）撕裂。所有ACL损伤中的大多数被认为本质上是非接触性的，且不存在明确的损伤机制。在某些运动中，与男性运动员相比，女性运动员非接触性ACL损伤的发生率更高，这一点有充分的文献记载。这引发了人们对生物化学成分作为易受伤倾向因素的兴趣。
本研究的目的是分析服用和未服用口服避孕药（OCs）的女性运动员非接触性ACL损伤的28天周期性。
1996年至至1999年，在全国大学体育协会和全国大学体育协会成员学校开展的一项描述性项目，对非接触性ACL损伤运动员的特征共性进行了评估。
在128名女性运动员中，83名符合研究纳入标准。其中25名受试者代表“服药”亚组，58名代表“未服药”亚组。
数据由学校认证的运动训练师直接从运动员处收集。
采用跨度为4天的中心移动平均值以及线性和非线性回归分析数据。
整个人群以及两个亚组中均存在显著的28天损伤周期。高风险和低风险时间间隔主要与卵泡期和黄体期相关。两个亚组之间损伤数量的时间依赖性存在显著差异：服用OCs的女性运动员高风险和低风险之间的差异更大，高风险期向周期开始时偏移。
无论口服避孕药使用情况如何，非接触性ACL损伤的发生与大学生运动员的月经周期之间存在显著关系。
