Pohorecky L A, Jaffe L S
Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1975 Nov;12(3):433-47.
These studies were designed to determine several, possibly related, physiological correlates of an acute dose of ethanol. Male rats were injected with 0.5, 1.0, or 2.5 g/kg of ethanol intraperitoneally, and the accumulation of newly synthesized labeled norepinephrine (from 3H-tyrosine) and of labeled norepinephrine metabolites was examined in several brain regions. Ethanol treatment increased labeled norepinephrine and decreased norepinephrine metabolities in the hypothalamus, brain stem plus midbrain, and telencephalon, without altering endogenous norepinephrine levels. A time course, selected on the basis of previous behavioral studies (Jaffe and Pohorecky, submitted manuscript) on the effects of ethanol on central noradrenergic neurons, disclosed that the accumulation of labeled norepinephrine metabolites was higher than that in saline-injected controls from 30-60 minutes after ethanol injection in the brainstem plus midbrain area, while between 5 and 35 minutes levels were lower than those in control animals. Plasma corticosterone levels were highest 30 minutes after saline injection, while in the ethanol group (1 g/kg) steroids were highest 60 minutes after the injection. Body temperature was significantly decreased only by the 2.5 g/kg dose of ethanol; the hypothermia became evident 50 minutes after an injection of this dosage. We conclude that the brief hypermotile stage produced by a 1 g/kg dose of ethanol (Jaffe and Pohorecky, submitted manuscript) is possibly related to the increased synthesis and release of norepinephrine from central noradrenergic neurons.
这些研究旨在确定急性剂量乙醇的几种可能相关的生理关联。给雄性大鼠腹腔注射0.5、1.0或2.5 g/kg乙醇，然后检测几个脑区中新合成的标记去甲肾上腺素（来自3H-酪氨酸）和标记去甲肾上腺素代谢产物的积累情况。乙醇处理使下丘脑、脑干加中脑以及端脑中的标记去甲肾上腺素增加，去甲肾上腺素代谢产物减少，而内源性去甲肾上腺素水平未改变。根据先前关于乙醇对中枢去甲肾上腺素能神经元影响的行为学研究（Jaffe和Pohorecky，待发表手稿）选择的时间进程显示，在脑干加中脑区域，乙醇注射后30 - 60分钟，标记去甲肾上腺素代谢产物的积累高于注射生理盐水的对照组，而在5至35分钟之间，其水平低于对照动物。生理盐水注射后30分钟血浆皮质酮水平最高，而在乙醇组（1 g/kg）中，注射后60分钟类固醇水平最高。仅2.5 g/kg剂量的乙醇使体温显著降低；注射该剂量后50分钟体温过低变得明显。我们得出结论，1 g/kg剂量的乙醇产生的短暂多动阶段（Jaffe和Pohorecky，待发表手稿）可能与中枢去甲肾上腺素能神经元去甲肾上腺素合成和释放增加有关。
