Hemminki Kari, Li Xinjun, Czene Kamila
Department of Biosciences at Novum, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.
Int J Cancer. 2002 May 10;99(2):218-28. doi: 10.1002/ijc.10322.
We used the nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database to analyse cancer risks in 613,000 adult immigrants to Sweden. All the immigrants had become parents in Sweden and their median age at immigration was 24 years for men and 22 years for women. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for 18 cancer sites using native Swedes as a reference. Data were also available from compatriot marriages. All cancer was decreased by 5% and 8% for immigrant men and women, respectively. However, most of the male increase was due to lung cancer for which male immigrants showed a 41% excess. Among individual cancer sites and immigrant countries, 110 comparisons were significant, 62 showing protection and 48 an increased risk. Most of the differences between the rates in immigrants and Swedes could be ascribed to the variation of cancer incidence in the indigenous populations. Some high immigrant SIRs were 5.05 (n = 6, 95% CI 1.82-11.06) for stomach cancer in Rumanian women and 2.41 (41, 1.73-3.27) for lung cancer in Dutch men. At some sites, such as testis, prostate, skin (melanoma), kidney, cervix and nervous system, the SIRs for immigrants were decreased; in some groups of immigrants SIRs were about 0.20. The highest rates for testicular cancer were noted for Danes and Chileans. Women from Yugoslavia and Turkey had an excess of thyroid tumours. All immigrant groups showed breast, endometrial and ovarian cancers at or below the Swedish level but the differences were no more than 2-fold.
我们使用瑞典全国性的家庭癌症数据库，分析了61.3万名成年瑞典移民的癌症风险。所有移民均在瑞典为人父母，男性移民的中位移民年龄为24岁，女性为22岁。我们以瑞典本土居民为参照，计算了18个癌症部位的标准化发病率（SIR）和95%置信区间（CI）。数据也来自同胞婚姻。移民男性和女性的所有癌症发病率分别下降了5%和8%。然而，男性发病率的增加主要归因于肺癌，男性移民的肺癌发病率高出41%。在个体癌症部位和移民国家之间，有110项比较具有显著性，62项显示有保护作用，48项显示风险增加。移民和瑞典人发病率的大多数差异可归因于本土人群癌症发病率的变化。一些较高的移民标准化发病率包括罗马尼亚女性胃癌的5.05（n = 6，95% CI 1.82 - 11.06）和荷兰男性肺癌的2.41（41，1.73 - 3.27）。在某些部位，如睾丸、前列腺、皮肤（黑色素瘤）、肾脏、子宫颈和神经系统，移民的标准化发病率下降；在一些移民群体中，标准化发病率约为0.20。丹麦人和智利人的睾丸癌发病率最高。来自南斯拉夫和土耳其的女性甲状腺肿瘤过多。所有移民群体的乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌发病率均处于或低于瑞典水平，但差异不超过两倍。
