Sobue Tomotaka, Yamamoto Seiichiro, Hara Megumi, Sasazuki Shizuka, Sasaki Satoshi, Tsugane Shoichiro
Cancer Information and Epidemiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
Int J Cancer. 2002 May 10;99(2):245-51. doi: 10.1002/ijc.10308.
In order to update the findings of relative risk associated with cigarette smoking for lung cancer by histologic type in Japan, the data from a population-based cohort study of 91,738 men and women were analyzed. During 1990-1999, 422 lung cancer incident cases were identified. The relative risk for all incident cases associated with current smokers versus non-smokers was 4.5 [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.0-6.8] and 4.2 (95% CI: 2.4-7.2), for men and women, respectively. When divided by histologic type, relative risk for squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma was 12.7 (95% CI: 4.7-34.7) and 17.5 (95% CI: 4.9-62.1), while for adenocarcinoma it was 2.8 (95% CI: 1.6-4.9) and 2.0 (95% CI: 0.8-5.0) for men and women, respectively. We confirmed that the lung cancer risk in men rose with increasing cigarette smoking, especially the duration of smoking among current smokers and decreased after the cessation of smoking among former smokers. Unlike the US or European countries, the relative risk did not increase in this updated study, compared with previous studies in 1960s to 1990s in Japan either for all incident cases or for specific histologic types and the magnitude of relative risks was substantially lower than that observed in the US or European countries, especially for adenocarcinoma.
为更新日本肺癌组织学类型与吸烟相关的相对风险研究结果，对一项基于人群的队列研究中91,738名男性和女性的数据进行了分析。在1990年至1999年期间，共确定了422例肺癌发病病例。当前吸烟者与非吸烟者相比，所有发病病例的相对风险在男性和女性中分别为4.5[95%置信区间（CI）：3.0 - 6.8]和4.2（95%CI：2.4 - 7.2）。按组织学类型划分，鳞状细胞癌和小细胞癌的相对风险在男性中为12.7（95%CI：4.7 - 34.7），在女性中为17.5（95%CI：4.9 - 62.1）；腺癌的相对风险在男性和女性中分别为2.8（95%CI：1.6 - 4.9）和2.0（95%CI：0.8 - 5.0）。我们证实，男性肺癌风险随吸烟量增加而上升，尤其是当前吸烟者的吸烟持续时间，且既往吸烟者戒烟后风险降低。与美国或欧洲国家不同，在这项更新研究中，无论是所有发病病例还是特定组织学类型，相对风险均未增加，且相对风险的幅度显著低于美国或欧洲国家观察到的水平，尤其是腺癌。
