Hannisch W, Hallagan L F
Yellowstone Park Medical Services, Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190, USA.
Wilderness Environ Med. 1997 Nov;8(4):211-3. doi: 10.1580/1080-6032(1997)008[0211:pamaro]2.3.co;2.
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rapidly progressive and potentially fatal infection frequently contracted by swimming in bodies of warm fresh water. The etiological agent in most reported cases of PAM is the ameboflagellate Naegleria fowleri. Infection with this organism closely mimics and is often mistaken for a bacterial or a viral pyogenic meningitis. Recovery is rare and depends on rapid diagnosis and treatment. Physicians treating individuals who present with an acute pyogenic meningitis should consider the diagnosis of PAM, particularly if the patient has a recent history of swimming in warm fresh water. We review the recent literature for cases of PAM and the discuss ecology of N. fowleri and the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of PAM.
原发性阿米巴脑膜脑炎（PAM）是一种迅速进展且可能致命的感染，常在温暖的淡水中游泳时感染。大多数报告的PAM病例的病原体是阿米巴鞭毛虫福氏耐格里阿米巴。感染这种病原体的症状与细菌性或病毒性化脓性脑膜炎极为相似，常被误诊。康复情况罕见，取决于快速诊断和治疗。治疗急性化脓性脑膜炎患者的医生应考虑PAM的诊断，特别是如果患者近期有在温暖淡水中游泳的经历。我们回顾了近期关于PAM病例的文献，并讨论了福氏耐格里阿米巴的生态学以及PAM的临床表现、诊断和治疗。
