Turner-Stokes Lynne, Ward Anthony
Regional Rehabilitation Unit, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, Middlesex.
Clin Med (Lond). 2002 Mar-Apr;2(2):128-30. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.2-2-128.
Botulinum toxin (BTX) is a powerful neurotoxin which blocks cholinergic transmission at the neuromuscular junction. Judiciously applied, it can reduce local muscle overactivity while maintaining the strength in other muscles. To date BTX has not been licensed for use in spasticity in the UK and the literature pertaining to clinical practice is still relatively scant. However, controlled trials have provided evidence of the effectiveness of BTX both in reducing spasticity itself and in achieving functional gain. The guidance given here to clinicians involved in the management of spasticity covers the types of patient suitable for treatment using BTX, the appropriate dosage, and the necessary follow-up procedures and documentation.
肉毒杆菌毒素（BTX）是一种强大的神经毒素，可阻断神经肌肉接头处的胆碱能传递。合理应用时，它可减少局部肌肉过度活动，同时保持其他肌肉的力量。迄今为止，BTX在英国尚未获批用于治疗痉挛，有关临床实践的文献仍然相对较少。然而，对照试验已提供证据表明BTX在减轻痉挛本身以及实现功能改善方面均有效。此处为参与痉挛管理的临床医生提供的指南涵盖了适合使用BTX治疗的患者类型、适当剂量以及必要的随访程序和记录。
