Cooper Helen
Methodology Group, Office for National Statistics, Tichfield, Fareham, UK.
Soc Sci Med. 2002 Mar;54(5):693-706. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00118-6.
This paper examines inequalities in the self-reported health of men and women from white and minority ethnic groups in the UK using representative data from the Health Survey for England, 1993-1996. The results show substantially poorer health among all minority ethnic groups compared to whites of working-age. The absence of gender inequality in health among white adults contrasts with higher morbidity for many minority ethnic women compared to men in the same ethnic group. The analysis addresses whether socio-economic inequality is a potential explanation for this pattern of health inequality using measures of educational level, employment status, occupational social class and material deprivation. There are marked socio-economic differences according to gender and ethnic group: high morbidity is concentrated among adults who are most socio-economically disadvantaged, notably Pakistanis and Bangladeshis. Logistic regression analyses show that socio-economic inequality can account for a sizeable proportion of the health disadvantage experienced by minority ethnic men and women, but gender inequality in minority ethnic health remains after adjusting for socio-economic characteristics.
本文利用1993 - 1996年英格兰健康调查的代表性数据，研究了英国白人群体以及少数族裔群体中男性和女性自我报告的健康状况不平等问题。结果显示，与工作年龄的白人相比，所有少数族裔群体的健康状况都要差得多。白人成年人在健康方面不存在性别不平等，这与许多少数族裔女性相比同种族男性发病率更高形成了对比。该分析使用教育水平、就业状况、职业社会阶层和物质匮乏程度等指标，探讨社会经济不平等是否是这种健康不平等模式的潜在解释。根据性别和族裔群体存在明显的社会经济差异：高发病率集中在社会经济最弱势的成年人中，尤其是巴基斯坦人和孟加拉国人。逻辑回归分析表明，社会经济不平等可以解释少数族裔男性和女性所经历的相当一部分健康劣势，但在调整社会经济特征后，少数族裔健康方面的性别不平等仍然存在。
