Converse J D, Hoogstraal H, Moussa M I, Feare C J, Kaiser M N
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1975 Nov;24(6 Pt 1):1010-8. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1975.24.1010.
In the summer of 1973, about 5,000 pairs of adult Sooty Terns abandoned a specific part of their breeding grounds on Bird Island in the Seychelles. Incubated eggs and newly hatched chicks were left unattended and the area was not reoccupied in 1974. Numerous Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) capensis occurred in the deserted part in both years, but few or none in the area where bird breeding was normal. Persons visiting the deserted area were bitten by many ticks and experienced severe pruritus persisting for several days. In 1973 and 1974, Soldado (SOL) virus (Hughes serogroup) was isolated from the ticks taken on Bird Island from the ground and from sick and not visibly sick chicks of the Sooty Tern, and also from nests of the Blue-faced Booby on Des Noeufs Island. When ticks from the ground and from Sooty Tern chicks were fed on domestic chicks, they transmitted SOL virus and caused the death of their hosts. Soldado virus was previously known only from O. (A.) capensis-group ticks infesting marine bird colonies on islands off Trinidad and in a lake in Ethiopia. We have also isolated SOL virus from another species of the subgenus Alectorobius from Wales, Great Britain. Marine bird migrations undoubtedly account for the remarkably extensive distribution of SOL virus. The role of migration in the mechanisms and dynamics of tick and virus distribution, and the comparative growth cycles of Hughes serogroup viruses in Ornithodoros ticks, remain to be determined for a better epidemiological understanding of this agent.
1973年夏天，约5000对成年乌燕鸥放弃了它们在塞舌尔鸟岛繁殖地的特定区域。孵化中的蛋和新孵出的雏鸟无人照料，1974年该区域也未被重新占据。这两年里，在这片荒芜区域出现了大量的海角钝缘蜱（Alectorobius属），而在鸟类正常繁殖的区域则很少或根本没有。进入这片荒芜区域的人被许多蜱虫叮咬，经历了持续数天的严重瘙痒。1973年和1974年，从鸟岛地面采集的蜱虫、患病和未明显患病的乌燕鸥雏鸟以及德诺夫斯岛蓝脸鲣鸟的巢穴中分离出了索尔达多（SOL）病毒（休斯血清群）。当用从地面和乌燕鸥雏鸟身上采集的蜱虫喂食家鸡时，它们传播了SOL病毒并导致宿主死亡。索尔达多病毒此前仅在特立尼达岛附近岛屿和埃塞俄比亚一个湖泊中寄生在海鸟群落的海角钝缘蜱属蜱虫中被发现。我们还从英国威尔士的另一种Alectorobius亚属蜱虫中分离出了SOL病毒。海鸟迁徙无疑是SOL病毒分布极为广泛的原因。为了更好地从流行病学角度了解这种病原体，迁徙在蜱虫和病毒分布机制及动态中的作用，以及休斯血清群病毒在钝缘蜱中的比较生长周期仍有待确定。
