The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey, GU24 0NF, UK.
Arch Virol. 2014 Jun;159(6):1249-65. doi: 10.1007/s00705-013-1940-z. Epub 2013 Dec 11.
The nairoviruses are a rapidly emerging group of tick-borne bunyaviruses that includes pathogens of humans (Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus [CCHFV]) and livestock (Nairobi sheep disease virus [NSDV], also known as Ganjam virus), as well as a large number of viruses for which the normal vertebrate host has not been established. Studies on this group of viruses have been fairly limited, not least because CCHFV is a BSL4 human pathogen, restricting the number of labs able to study the live virus, while NSDV, although highly pathogenic in naive animals, is not seen as a threat in developed countries, making it a low priority. Nevertheless, recent years have seen significant progress in our understanding of the biology of these viruses, particularly that of CCHFV, and this article seeks to draw together our existing knowledge to generate an overall picture of their molecular biology, underlining areas of particular ignorance for future studies.
纳罗病毒是一组迅速出现的蜱传布尼亚病毒，包括人类病原体（克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒[CCHFV]）和牲畜病原体（Nairobi 绵羊病病毒[NSDV]，也称为 Ganjam 病毒），以及大量尚未确定正常脊椎动物宿主的病毒。对该组病毒的研究相当有限，其中最重要的原因是 CCHFV 是一种 BSL4 级别的人类病原体，限制了能够研究活病毒的实验室数量，而 NSDV 虽然对原始动物具有高度致病性，但在发达国家并不被视为威胁，因此优先级较低。然而，近年来，我们对这些病毒的生物学特性，特别是 CCHFV 的生物学特性的认识取得了重大进展，本文旨在综合我们现有的知识，描绘它们的分子生物学全貌，强调未来研究中特别需要关注的未知领域。
