Sheely C H, Mattox K L, Beall A C, DeBakey M E
Am J Surg. 1975 Dec;130(6):707-11. doi: 10.1016/0002-9610(75)90426-2.
To determine trends in management, twenty-two years' experience with penetrating wounds of the cervical esophagus in thirty-nine patients has been evaluated. There were three deaths, all as a result of delayed operative repair. Experience gained from the earlier years of this study led to a marked reduction in mortality in the later years as a result of an increased index of clinical suspicion, coupled with an aggressive operative approach with primary closure and adequate drainage. A nonoperative approach has been suggested by others for small esophageal perforations after endoscopy and perforation from foreign objects. For penetrating injuries of the esophagus, operation and definitive repair is mandatory.
为确定治疗趋势，我们评估了39例颈段食管穿透伤患者22年的治疗经验。共有3例死亡，均因手术修复延迟所致。由于临床怀疑指数增加，加上采用积极的手术方法进行一期缝合和充分引流，本研究早期积累的经验使后期死亡率显著降低。其他人建议对内镜检查后小的食管穿孔和异物穿孔采用非手术方法。对于食管穿透伤，手术及确定性修复是必要的。
