Rottenberg Jonathan, Gross James J, Wilhelm Frank H, Najmi Sadia, Gotlib Ian H
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, California 94305-2130, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2002 May;111(2):302-12.
Clinical lore suggests that depression is associated with frequent and intense crying. To test these postulations empirically, a standardized cry-evoking stimulus was presented to depressed and nondepressed participants, and their likelihood of crying and the magnitude of crying-related changes in their emotion experience, behavior, and autonomic physiology were compared. Unexpectedly, crying was no more likely in depressed than in nondepressed participants. Within the nondepressed group, participants who cried exhibited increases in the report and display of sadness and had greater cardiac and electrodermal activation than did participants who did not cry. There was less evidence of this crying-related emotional activation within the depressed group. The lack of emotional activation among clinically depressed participants who cried provides a tantalizing clue concerning how emotions are dysregulated in this disorder.
临床经验表明，抑郁症与频繁且强烈的哭泣有关。为了通过实证检验这些假设，向抑郁症患者和非抑郁症患者呈现了一种标准化的诱发哭泣刺激，并比较了他们哭泣的可能性以及与哭泣相关的情绪体验、行为和自主生理变化的程度。出乎意料的是，抑郁症患者哭泣的可能性并不比非抑郁症患者更高。在非抑郁症组中，哭泣的参与者在悲伤的报告和表现方面有所增加，并且与未哭泣的参与者相比，有更大的心脏和皮肤电活动。在抑郁症组中，这种与哭泣相关的情绪激活的证据较少。哭泣的临床抑郁症患者缺乏情绪激活，这为该疾病中情绪失调的方式提供了一个诱人的线索。
