Mitra A, Chakraborty S, Auddy B, Tripathi P, Sen S, Saha A V, Mukherjee B
Department of Kayachikitsa, Institute of Post Graduate Ayurvedic Education and Research, Calcutta 700 009, India.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2002 May;80(2-3):147-53. doi: 10.1016/s0378-8741(02)00008-9.
From ancient times, Swarnabhasma (gold ash) has been used in several clinical manifestations including loss of memory, defective eyesight, infertility, overall body weakness and incidence of early aging. Swarnabhasma has been used by Ayurvedic physicians to treat different diseases like bronchial asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, nervous disorders, etc. In the present investigation, Swarnabhasma was prepared after proper purification and calcination as per Ayurvedic pharmacy which consisted of Realger (As(2)S(2)), Lead oxide (Pb(3)O(4)), Pure gold (Au) and Latex of Calotropis gigantea. Qualitative analyses indicated that Swarnabhasma contained not only gold but also several microelements (Fe, Al, Cu, Zn, Co, Mg, Ca, As, Pb, etc.). Infrared spectroscopy showed that the material was free from any organic compound. The metal content in the bhasma was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Acute oral administration of Swarnabhasma showed no mortality in mice (up to 1 ml /20 g b.w. of Swarnabhasma suspension containing 1mg of drug). Chronic administration of Swarnabhasma also showed no toxicity as judged by SGPT, SGOT, serum creatinine and serum urea level and histological studies. In an experimental animal model, chronic Swarnabhasma-treated animals showed significantly increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, two enzymes that reduce free radical concentrations in the body.
自古以来，“Swarnabhasma”（金灰）就被用于多种临床表现，包括记忆力减退、视力缺陷、不孕不育、全身虚弱以及早衰现象。阿育吠陀医生曾使用“Swarnabhasma”来治疗不同疾病，如支气管哮喘、类风湿性关节炎、糖尿病、神经紊乱等。在本研究中，按照阿育吠陀药学方法，经过适当提纯和煅烧制备了“Swarnabhasma”，其成分包括雄黄（As₂S₂）、氧化铅（Pb₃O₄）、纯金（Au）以及牛角瓜的乳胶。定性分析表明，“Swarnabhasma”不仅含有金，还含有多种微量元素（铁、铝、铜、锌、钴、镁、钙、砷、铅等）。红外光谱显示该物质不含任何有机化合物。通过原子吸收光谱法测定了药灰中的金属含量。对小鼠进行急性口服“Swarnabhasma”（高达1毫升/20克体重的含1毫克药物的“Swarnabhasma”悬浮液）未显示出死亡情况。根据谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、血清肌酐和血清尿素水平以及组织学研究判断，长期服用“Swarnabhasma”也未显示出毒性。在一个实验动物模型中，长期接受“Swarnabhasma”治疗的动物显示超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著增加，这两种酶可降低体内自由基浓度。
