Lang Andrea, Steiner Egbert, Berghofer Gerlinde, Henkel Helga, Schmitz Margot, Schmidl Friedrich, Rudas Stephan
Kuratorium für Psychosoziale Dienste Wien, Vienna, Austria.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2002 Mar;48(1):59-69. doi: 10.1177/002076402128783091.
The purposes of this study are (1) to characterise patients with different treatment experiences, (2) to evaluate differences in quality of life (QoL) among patients with different treatment experiences, (3) to evaluate changes in QoL following community resettlement, and (4) to find predictors of overall life satisfaction (OLS).
Treatment experiences are defined according to service use as follows: (a) user of in- and outpatient services (overall users), (b) user of inpatient (inpatients) or (c) outpatient facilities only (outpatients). Demographic and clinical data of 425 psychiatric patients are analysed cross-sectionally in relation to their treatment experiences. QoL of former inpatients is followed up after hospital discharge.
Long-term 'overall users' have a significantly higher QoL than long-term 'outpatients' or 'inpatients'. QoL of former inpatients increases after discharge. Predictors of higher OLS are high income, high subjective social functioning (SFQ), good self-rated health, satisfactory QoL domains as well as being single or cohabiting, diagnosis of schizophrenia, 'outpatients', and 'overall users'. Together they explain 63% of the variance in patients' subjective OLS.
QoL is independent of illness severity. Deinstitutionalisation improves QoL and OLS is mainly predicted by subjective variables.
本研究的目的是：（1）描述具有不同治疗经历的患者特征；（2）评估不同治疗经历患者的生活质量（QoL）差异；（3）评估社区安置后生活质量的变化；（4）找出总体生活满意度（OLS）的预测因素。
根据服务使用情况将治疗经历定义如下：（a）住院和门诊服务使用者（总体使用者）；（b）住院患者（住院病人）；或（c）仅门诊设施使用者（门诊病人）。对425名精神科患者的人口统计学和临床数据进行横断面分析，以了解他们的治疗经历。对以前的住院患者出院后的生活质量进行随访。
长期“总体使用者”的生活质量显著高于长期“门诊病人”或“住院病人”。以前住院患者出院后的生活质量有所提高。较高总体生活满意度的预测因素包括高收入、高主观社会功能（SFQ）、良好的自评健康状况、满意的生活质量领域，以及单身或同居、精神分裂症诊断、“门诊病人”和“总体使用者”。这些因素共同解释了患者主观总体生活满意度63%的方差。
生活质量与疾病严重程度无关。非机构化改善了生活质量，总体生活满意度主要由主观变量预测。
