Schimmack W, Auerswald K, Bunzl K
GSF-National Research Center of Environment and Health, Institute for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany.
Naturwissenschaften. 2002 Jan;89(1):43-6. doi: 10.1007/s00114-001-0281-z.
In the near future, the use of 137Cs from global fallout (Cs) as a tracer for erosion studies will no longer be possible in areas with a substantial deposition of Chernobyl-derived 137Cs. Therefore, we have used (239+240)Pu from global fallout (Pu) as a tracer as well as 137Cs in order to determine long-term soil redistribution rates for an agricultural field (inclination about 20%, area approx. 3 ha) in Scheyern, Bavaria. The mean erosion and deposition rates derived from Cs were -37 and +52 t x ha(-1) x year(-1), respectively; those from Pu were -32 and +39 t x ha(-1) x year(-1). We found no statistical difference between the means obtained by the two tracers. In contrast to Pu, however, the rates obtained by Cs were not accurate enough to assure the presence of a net soil redistribution. Modeling of soil translocation in the field by water and tillage erosion resulted in estimates which were in reasonable agreement with the rates derived from Pu.
在不久的将来，在切尔诺贝利源137Cs大量沉积的地区，将全球沉降物中的137Cs（铯）用作侵蚀研究的示踪剂将不再可行。因此，我们使用了全球沉降物中的（239 + 240）Pu（钚）作为示踪剂以及137Cs，以确定巴伐利亚州谢恩的一块农田（坡度约20%，面积约3公顷）的长期土壤再分配率。由铯得出的平均侵蚀率和沉积率分别为-37和+52吨/公顷/年；由钚得出的分别为-32和+39吨/公顷/年。我们发现两种示踪剂得出的平均值之间没有统计学差异。然而，与钚不同的是，铯得出的速率不够精确，无法确保存在净土壤再分配。通过水蚀和风蚀对田间土壤迁移进行建模，得出的估计值与从钚得出的速率合理一致。
