Hoque M Ekramul, Hope Virginia T, Scragg Robert
New Zealand Environmental and Occupational Health Research Centre, Division of Community Health, The University of Auckland.
N Z Med J. 2002 Mar 22;115(1150):121-3.
To describe the epidemiological pattern of Giardia infection in the Auckland region and compare it with national and international patterns of Giardia infection.
Anonymised giardiasis notification data from the Auckland District Health Board for the period July 1996 to June 2000 were analysed by person, place and time. Infection rates and relative risks were calculated and compared with national and international information.
Auckland had a significantly higher rate of Giardia infection than New Zealand as a whole. Infection rates, which peaked during February-May, were significantly higher in Pakeha/Europeans and Asian/others, compared with Maori/Pacificans. Adjusted notification rates were higher for residents of North Shore and Auckland cities than for other areas of Auckland. The crude regional and national notification rates were almost six times the rate of laboratory identification of positive isolates in the UK and four times US reported rates.
The higher rates of giardiasis observed in Auckland and New Zealand, in comparison with other developed countries, may be related to environmental or social factors. Missing ethnicity information precludes clear interpretation of variations in notification rate by ethnic group and suggests a need for improvement in data collection. There are opportunities to investigate the influence of risk factors on seasonal changes in notification rates both locally and nationally.
描述奥克兰地区贾第虫感染的流行病学模式，并将其与全国及国际贾第虫感染模式进行比较。
对奥克兰地区卫生局1996年7月至2000年6月期间匿名的贾第虫病通报数据按人、地点和时间进行分析。计算感染率和相对风险，并与全国及国际信息进行比较。
奥克兰的贾第虫感染率显著高于新西兰整体水平。感染率在2月至5月达到峰值，与毛利人/太平洋岛民相比，欧洲裔/欧洲人和亚裔/其他族裔的感染率显著更高。北岸和奥克兰市居民的调整后通报率高于奥克兰其他地区。该地区和全国的粗略通报率几乎是英国阳性分离株实验室鉴定率的六倍，是美国报告率的四倍。
与其他发达国家相比，奥克兰和新西兰观察到的贾第虫病较高发病率可能与环境或社会因素有关。缺少种族信息妨碍了对不同种族通报率差异的清晰解读，并表明需要改进数据收集。在本地和全国范围内都有机会调查风险因素对通报率季节性变化的影响。
