Creamer Gowan, Civil Ian, Ng Alex, Adams David, Cacala Shas, Koelmeyer Timothy, Thompson John
Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
N Z Med J. 2010 Jun 11;123(1316):26-32.
To investigate the role of Māori and Pacific ethnicity within the severe trauma and population demographics of Auckland, New Zealand.
A population-based study utilising prospectively gathered trauma databases and coronial autopsy information. Population data was derived from Statistics New Zealand resident population projections for the year 2004. The geographic boundaries of the Auckland district health boards (Waitemata DHB, Auckland DHB and Counties-Manukau DHB). Severe injury was defined as death or injury severity score more than 15. Combining data from coronial autopsy and four hospital trauma databases provided age, gender, ethnicity, mechanism, mortality and hospitalisation information for severely injured Aucklanders.
Māori and Pacific had increased risk of severe injury and injury-related mortality. A major gender difference is apparent: Māori female at increased risk and Pacific female at decreased risk compared to the remaining female population; both Māori and Pacific male have high severe injury rate than the remaining population. The relative risk for severe injury (and mortality) for Māori RR=2.38 (RR=2.80) and Pacific RR=1.49 (RR=1.59) is higher than the remaining population, the highest risk (and more statistically significant) is seen in the 15-29 age group (Māori RR=2.87, Pacific RR=2.57). Road traffic crashes account for the greatest proportion of injuries in all groups. Māori have relatively higher rates of hanging and assault-related injury and death; Pacific have relatively higher rates of falls and assault.
Ethnicity is a factor in severe injury and mortality rates in Auckland. Age is an important influence on these rates. Although mechanism of injury varies between ethnic groups, no particular mechanism of injury accounts for the overall differences between groups.
探讨毛利族和太平洋岛民在新西兰奥克兰严重创伤及人口统计学中的作用。
一项基于人群的研究，利用前瞻性收集的创伤数据库和死因裁判官尸检信息。人口数据来自新西兰统计局2004年的常住人口预测。研究范围为奥克兰地区卫生局（怀塔玛塔地区卫生局、奥克兰地区卫生局和 Counties-Manukau 地区卫生局）的地理边界。重伤定义为死亡或损伤严重程度评分超过15分。结合死因裁判官尸检数据和四个医院创伤数据库的数据，提供了重伤奥克兰人的年龄、性别、种族、受伤机制、死亡率和住院信息。
毛利族和太平洋岛民遭受重伤及与损伤相关死亡率的风险增加。明显存在重大性别差异：与其他女性群体相比，毛利族女性风险增加，而太平洋岛民女性风险降低；毛利族和太平洋岛民男性的重伤率均高于其他人群。毛利族重伤（及死亡率）的相对风险RR = 2.38（RR = 2.80），太平洋岛民为RR = 1.49（RR = 1.59），高于其他人群，在15 - 29岁年龄组中风险最高（且统计学意义更强）（毛利族RR = 2.87，太平洋岛民RR = 2.57）。道路交通事故在所有群体的损伤中占比最大。毛利族上吊及与袭击相关的损伤和死亡发生率相对较高；太平洋岛民跌倒及袭击发生率相对较高。
种族是奥克兰重伤率和死亡率的一个因素。年龄对这些比率有重要影响。尽管不同种族群体的受伤机制有所不同，但没有特定的受伤机制能解释各群体之间的总体差异。
