Perjési Pál, Pintér Zoltán, Gyöngyi Zoltán, Ember István
Department of Medical Chemistry, University Medical School of Pécs, Hungary.
Anticancer Res. 2002 Jan-Feb;22(1A):225-30.
Autooxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of edible oils results in the formation of fatty acid hydroperoxides that can undergo further chemical transformations to yield a variety of re-arranged and chain-cleavage products. Since the oxidation products of PUFAs have been reported to have cytotoxic and mutagenic effects, the consumption of rancid oils and fats represents a possible health hazard for the population. Storage of corn oil at room temperature and in the refrigerator for a forty-eight month period resulted in two different qualities of oil samples, which were characterized by UV, titrimetric (peroxide value, acid value) and GC-MS methods. Earlier it was demonstrated that the increase of expression of certain oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes is a method of choice for the early detection of carcinogen exposure. Treatment of CBA/Calpha inbred mice with the two oil samples showed significantly increased expression of the Ha-ras gene in all the investigated organs (liver, lung, kidney, thymus and spleen) of the rancid corn oil-treated animals. Expression of the c-myc and the p53 genes was also increased after the rancid corn oil-treatment in all the organs but the thymus of the mice. The results suggest that rancid oils, rich in omega-6 unsaturated fatty acids, could be involved not only in tumor promotion but in initiation as well.
食用油中多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）的自动氧化会导致脂肪酸氢过氧化物的形成，这些氢过氧化物可进一步发生化学转化，生成各种重排产物和链断裂产物。由于据报道PUFAs的氧化产物具有细胞毒性和诱变作用，食用 rancid 油脂可能对人群健康构成危害。将玉米油在室温及冰箱中储存48个月，得到了两种不同质量的油样，通过紫外、滴定法（过氧化值、酸值）和气相色谱 - 质谱联用方法对其进行了表征。早期研究表明，某些癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因表达的增加是早期检测致癌物暴露的一种常用方法。用这两种油样处理 CBA/Calpha 近交系小鼠后发现，食用 rancid 玉米油的动物所有被研究器官（肝脏、肺、肾脏、胸腺和脾脏）中 Ha-ras 基因的表达均显著增加。在小鼠除胸腺外的所有器官中，用 rancid 玉米油处理后，c-myc 和 p53 基因的表达也有所增加。结果表明，富含ω-6不饱和脂肪酸的 rancid 油脂不仅可能参与肿瘤促进，还可能参与肿瘤起始。
