Vandergheynst F, Vandergheynst A, Leleux A, Ducobu J
Service de Médecine Interne, C.H.U. Tivoli, La Louviere.
Acta Clin Belg. 2002 Jan-Feb;57(1):19-22. doi: 10.1179/acb.2002.005.
A 25-year-old Caucasian man is admitted to hospital because of severe hyperthyroidism. Soon after his admission, he develops a lower limbs proximal muscles paresis with tendinous hyporeflexia. He has presented similar episodes in the previous months. Serum potassium level is 2.9 meq/l whereas it was 4.1 meq/l a few hours before. The patient receives intravenous potassium and propranolol. He will not develop a similar episode afterwards. Hypokalemic thyrotoxic periodic paralysis associated with Basedow's disease is diagnosed. Hypokalemic thyrotoxic periodic paralysis is a very rare cause of intermittent muscular weakness in the young Caucasian male. The frequency of this entity is at least ten times higher in Asiatic hyperthyroid people. Its physiopathology involves intracellular potassium shifts in which Na/K ATP-ases of cell membranes, the number and the activity of which increase in hyperthyroid people, seem to play a major role. Treatment consists of correction of hyperthyroidism and administration of potassium during the acute episode Propranolol is efficient in preventing recurrent episodes of paralysis. Points of comparison between hypokalemic thyrotoxic periodic paralysis and hypokalemic familial periodic paralysis are discussed.
一名25岁的白种男性因严重甲状腺功能亢进症入院。入院后不久,他出现下肢近端肌无力伴腱反射减退。在过去几个月里他曾出现过类似发作。血清钾水平为2.9毫当量/升,而几小时前为4.1毫当量/升。患者接受了静脉补钾和普萘洛尔治疗。此后他未再出现类似发作。诊断为与毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿相关的低钾性甲状腺毒性周期性麻痹。低钾性甲状腺毒性周期性麻痹是年轻白种男性间歇性肌无力的一种非常罕见的病因。在亚洲甲状腺功能亢进人群中,这种疾病的发病率至少高出十倍。其病理生理学涉及细胞内钾离子转移,在甲状腺功能亢进人群中,细胞膜上的钠钾ATP酶数量增加且活性增强,这似乎在其中起主要作用。治疗包括纠正甲状腺功能亢进症以及在急性发作期补钾。普萘洛尔可有效预防麻痹的复发。文中讨论了低钾性甲状腺毒性周期性麻痹与低钾性家族性周期性麻痹的比较要点。