Pisula Ewa
Pracowni Psychologii Rehabilitacyjnej UW.
Psychiatr Pol. 2002;36(1):95-108.
The parents of autistic children have become objects of many controversial studies and theories. This is a review of the studies that have been conducted in the nineties with this group of parents. The studies are combined into three categories: works on the broader phenotype, studies on the parental stress and the perception of the child, and finally, parents as therapists of their children. Although the idea of genetic determination of the cognitive, social and communication deficits, has been widely spread, it still has not been sufficiently proved. The research show that parents of children with autism experience profound stress. This stress response has specific profile--the most difficult for parents are handicaps related with atypical child behaviors, and the lack of knowledge about real development limitation and child problems. But even though, the parents supported by professionals may become the good teachers and therapists for their children. The partnership between parents and professionals is one of the conditions of the parent's success in these roles.
自闭症儿童的父母已成为许多有争议的研究和理论的研究对象。这是一篇对九十年代针对这组父母开展的研究的综述。这些研究分为三类：关于广义表型的研究、关于父母压力及对孩子认知的研究，以及最后，父母作为孩子治疗师的研究。尽管认知、社交和沟通缺陷由基因决定这一观点已广泛传播，但仍未得到充分证实。研究表明，自闭症儿童的父母承受着巨大压力。这种应激反应具有特定特征——对父母来说最困难的是与孩子非典型行为相关的障碍，以及对孩子实际发育限制和问题缺乏了解。但即便如此，在专业人士支持下的父母可能会成为孩子优秀的教师和治疗师。父母与专业人士之间的合作是父母在这些角色中取得成功的条件之一。
