Recart Constanza, Castro Paulina, Alvarez Hernán, Bedregal Paula
Colmena Golden Cross, Centro Médico Psiquiátrico, Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2002 Mar;130(3):295-303.
There is a 7% up to 32% prevalence of psychiatric problems in the pediatric population.
To study the epidemiological features of children and adolescents attended in a psychiatric outpatient clinic.
All admissions to a psychiatric outpatient clinic, of people aged 18 years old or less, during 1998, were reviewed. The causes of consultation and the diagnoses were classified according to diagnostic manuals (ICPC-WONCA and DSM-IV respectively), by three experienced psychiatrists.
The files of 376 patients were reviewed (200 males, mean age of females 12 years old, mean age of males 10.5 years old). Seventy three percent consulted spontaneously. The main causes of consultation were anxiety disorders and adolescence problems (28%). The main diagnoses were attention deficit disorder and disruptive behavior, adaptative problems, mood and anxiety disorders. There were gender differences in the diagnoses. Women attended a mean of 6.3 sessions and men attended a mean of 4 sessions. Fifty nine percent abandoned treatment.
There is a limited access to mental health care. The low compliance with treatments must be studied and improved.
儿科人群中精神问题的患病率为7%至32%。
研究在精神科门诊就诊的儿童和青少年的流行病学特征。
回顾了1998年期间18岁及以下人群在精神科门诊的所有就诊情况。由三位经验丰富的精神科医生根据诊断手册（分别为ICPC-WONCA和DSM-IV）对咨询原因和诊断进行分类。
审查了376例患者的档案（200名男性，女性平均年龄12岁，男性平均年龄10.5岁）。73%的患者是自发前来咨询的。咨询的主要原因是焦虑症和青春期问题（28%）。主要诊断为注意力缺陷障碍和破坏性行为、适应性问题、情绪和焦虑障碍。诊断存在性别差异。女性平均就诊6.3次，男性平均就诊4次。59%的患者放弃治疗。
获得心理健康护理的机会有限。必须研究并改善治疗依从性差的问题。
